Frequency of mobile internet use

I_IHDDAY: Mobile internet access with a handheld device: every day or almost every day

I_IHDLTWK: Mobile internet access with a handheld device: less than once a week

I_IHDWK: Mobile internet access with a handheld device: at least once a week, but not every day

I_IMCDAY: Mobile internet access with portable computer: every day or almost every day

I_IMCLTWK: Mobile internet access with portable computer: less than once a week

I_IMCWK: Mobile internet access with portable computer: at least once a week, but not every day


OBS_STATUS: Observation Status

u: low reliability

FREQ: Frequency

geo: Geopolitical entity (reporting)

ind_type: Individual type

indic_is: Information society indicator

unit: Unit of measure

[A] Annual

AT: Austria

BE: Belgium

BG: Bulgaria

CY: Cyprus

CZ: Czechia

DE: Germany

DK: Denmark

EE: Estonia

EL: Greece

ES: Spain

EU15: European Union - 15 countries (1995-2004)

EU27_2007: European Union - 27 countries (2007-2013)

EU27_2020: European Union - 27 countries (from 2020)

EU28: European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020)

FI: Finland

FR: France

HR: Croatia

HU: Hungary

IE: Ireland

IS: Iceland

IT: Italy

LT: Lithuania

LU: Luxembourg

LV: Latvia

MK: North Macedonia

MT: Malta

NL: Netherlands

NO: Norway

PL: Poland

PT: Portugal

RO: Romania

SE: Sweden

SI: Slovenia

SK: Slovakia

TR: Türkiye

UK: United Kingdom

CB_EU_FOR: Individuals who are born in another EU Member State

CB_EXT_EU: Individuals who are born in non-EU country

CB_FOR: Individuals who are foreign-born

CB_NAT: Individuals who are native-born

CC_EU_FOR: Nationals of another EU-Member State

CC_EXT_EU: Nationals of non-EU country

CC_FOR: Non-nationals

CC_NAT: Nationals

EMPL_UNE: Individuals in the labour force (employed and unemployed)

F_I0_2: Females with low formal education

F_I3_4: Females with medium formal education

F_I5_8: Females with high formal education

F_Y16_24: Females, 16 to 24 years old

F_Y16_74: Females, 16 to 74 years old

F_Y25_54: Females 25 to 54 years old

F_Y25_64: Females, 25 to 64 years old

F_Y55_74: Females 55 to 74 years old

HHI_Q1: Individual living in a household with income in first quartile

HHI_Q2: Individual living in a household with income in second quartile

HHI_Q3: Individual living in a household with income in third quartile

HHI_Q4: Individual living in a household with income in fourth quartile

I0_2: Individuals with no or low formal education

I3_4: Individuals with medium formal education

I5_8: Individuals with high formal education

IND_BROAD: Individuals living in a household with broadband access

IND_BROADX: Individuals living in a household with Internet access but with no broadband access

IND_DEG1: Individuals living in cities

IND_DEG2: Individuals living in towns and suburbs

IND_DEG3: Individuals living in rural areas

IND_NO1: Individuals living in Not Objective 1 regions / 'Regional Competitiveness and Employment' Region

IND_O1: Individuals living in Objective 1 regions / 'Convergence' regions

IND_TOTAL: All Individuals

ISCO0_5: Non-manual including the armed forces

ISCO6_9: Manual

ISCO_ICT: ICT professionals

ISCO_ICTX: Non ICT professionals

M_I0_2: Males with low formal education

M_I3_4: Males with medium formal education

M_I5_8: Males with high formal education

M_Y16_24: Males, 16 to 24 years old

M_Y16_74: Males, 16 to 74 years old

M_Y25_54: Males 25 to 54 years old

M_Y25_64: Males, 25 to 64 years old

M_Y55_74: Males 55 to 74 years old

RETIR_OTHER: Individuals who are retired or not in the labour force (excluding students)

SAL_SELF_FAM: Employees, self-employed, family workers

STUD: Students

UNE: Unemployed

Y0_15: Individuals, 15 years old or less

Y16_24: Individuals, 16 to 24 years old

Y16_24HI: Individuals aged 16-24 with high formal education

Y16_24LO: Individuals aged 16-24 with low education

Y16_24ME: Individuals aged 16-24 with medium formal education

Y25_34: Individuals, 25 to 34 years old

Y25_54: Individuals, 25 to 54 years old

Y25_54HI: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with high formal education

Y25_54LO: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with low formal education

Y25_54ME: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with medium formal education

Y25_64: Individuals, 25 to 64 years old

Y25_64HI: Individuals aged 25 to 64 with high formal education

Y25_64LO: Individuals aged 25 to 64 with low formal education

Y25_64ME: Individuals aged 25 to 64 with medium formal education

Y25_64_RETIROTH: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are retired or not in the labour force (excluding students)

Y25_64_SALSELFFAM: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are employees, self-employed or family workers

Y25_64_UNE: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are unemployed

Y35_44: Individuals, 35 to 44 years old

Y45_54: Individuals, 45 to 54 years old

Y55_64: Individuals, 55 to 64 years old

Y55_74: Individuals, 55 to 74 years old

Y55_74HI: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with high formal education

Y55_74LO: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with low formal education

Y55_74ME: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with medium formal education

Y65_74: Individuals, 65 to 74 years old

Y75_MAX: Individuals, 75 years old or more

I_IUMD_PBHB: Unexpected high bills

I_IUMD_PBIC: Difficulty in obtaining information about cost of accessing internet

I_IUMD_PBISS: Inconvenience of using small screen or entering text on handheld device

I_IUMD_PBNS: Frequent difficulties with mobile phone network signal

I_IUMD_PBOTH: Other problems encountered when using mobile internet

I_IUMD_PBSCP: Difficulty in setting or changing parameters for internet access

PC_IND: Percentage of individuals

PC_IND_IU3: Percentage of individuals who used internet in the last 3 months

PC_IND_IUMD: Percentage of individuals who used a handheld device or portable computer to access internet

name: Problems encountered when using mobile internet

provider_code: Eurostat

provider_name: Eurostat


Purpose of mobile internet use

ME: Montenegro

I_IUHD_APGPS: Individuals used internet applications (apps) on a handheld device exploiting the information about where they are (e.g. GPS)

I_IUHD_BOOK: Mobile internet use via handheld device: for reading or downloading online books or e-books

I_IUHD_EM: Mobile internet use via handheld device: for sending / receiving e-mails

I_IUHD_GM: Mobile internet use via handheld device: for playing or downloading games, images, video or music

I_IUHD_NW: Mobile internet use via handheld device: for reading or downloading online news / newspapers / news magazines

I_IUHD_OTH: Mobile internet use via handheld device: for other activities

I_IUHD_POD: Mobile internet use via handheld device: for using podcast service to automatically receive audio or video files of interest

I_IUHD_SNET: Mobile internet use via handheld device: for participating in social networks

I_IUMD_PFP: Mobile internet use via portable computer or handheld device: for professional purposes

PC_IND_IUHD: Percentage of individuals who used a handheld device to access internet


Reasons for not using mobile internet

I_IUMDX_COST: Too expensive to use mobile internet

I_IUMDX_ISS: Inconvenience of using small screen on a handheld device

I_IUMDX_NABB: Unavailability of broadband or connection too slow

I_IUMDX_NEED: No need to use mobile internet away from home or work

I_IUMDX_OTH: Other reasons

I_IUMDX_SEC: Security or privacy concerns prevented use of mobile internet

I_IUMDX_SKL: Don't know how to use mobile internet or its use is too complicated

PC_IND_IUMDX: Percentage of individuals who didn't use a handheld device or portable computer to access internet


OBS_FLAG: Observation status (Flag)

b: break in time series

c: confidential

freq: Time frequency

nace_r2: Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community (NACE Rev. 2)

size_emp: Size classes in number of persons employed

BA: Bosnia and Herzegovina

RS: Serbia

P_EMPMD1: Persons employed, which were provided a portable device that allows a mobile connection to the internet for business use (as of 2014)

P_EMPMD2: Persons employed, which were provided a portable device that allows internet connection via mobile telephone networks, for business purpose (as of 2018)

P_PMD: Persons employed by enterprises which provide to the persons employed portable devices that allow a mobile connection to the internet for business use

C10-S951_X_K: All activities (except agriculture, forestry and fishing, and mining and quarrying), without financial sector

From 0 to 9 persons employed

From 0 to 1 person employed

From 1 to 4 persons employed

From 1 to 9 persons employed

From 10 to 249 persons employed

From 10 to 49 persons employed

From 2 to 9 persons employed

From 5 to 9 persons employed

From 50 to 249 persons employed

GE10: 10 persons employed or more

GE250: 250 persons employed or more

PC_EMP: Percentage of total employment

PC_EMP_CUSE2: Percentage of persons employed working in enterprises which use computers

PC_EMP_IACC: Percentage of persons employed working in an enterprise with internet access

PC_EMP_PMD1: Percentage of persons employed working in enterprises which provide mobile devices (as of 2016)

name: Use of mobile connections to the internet by employees by size class of enterprise


P_EMPMD: Persons employed, which were provided a portable device that allows a mobile connection to the internet

P_PMD1: Persons employed by enterprises which provide to the persons employed portable devices that allow a mobile connection to the internet for business use

C: Manufacturing

C-E: Manufacturing, electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning; water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

C-F: Manufacturing, electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; water supply and construction

C10-C12: Manufacture of food products; beverages and tobacco products

C10-C18: Manufacture of products based on: food, beverages, tobacco, textile, leather, wood, pulp and paper; publishing and printing

C13-C15: Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel, leather and related products

C16-C18: Manufacture of wood, paper, printing and reproduction

C19: Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products

C19-C23: Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum, chemical and basic pharmaceutical products, rubber and plastics, other non-metallic mineral products

C20: Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products

C21: Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations

C22_C23: Manufacture of rubber and plastic products and other non-metallic mineral products

C24_C25: Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

C26: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products

C26-C33: Manufacture of computers, electric and optical products, electrical equipment, machinery and equipment n.e.c, motor vehicles, other transport equipment, furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation of machinery and equipment

C27: Manufacture of electrical equipment

C27_C28: Manufacture of electrical equipment, machinery and equipment n.e.c.

C28: Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.

C29_C30: Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers, semi-trailers and of other transport equipment

C31-C33: Manufacture of furniture; jewellery, musical instruments, toys; repair and installation of machinery and equipment

D_E: Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

E: Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

F: Construction

G: Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

G45: Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

G45-S951_X_K: Services, without financial sector

G46: Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles

G47: Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles

[H] Transportation and storage

I: Accommodation and food service activities

I55: Accommodation

ICT: Information and Communication Technology - Total

J: Information and communication

J58-J60: Publishing, motion picture, video, television programme production; sound recording, programming and broadcasting activities

J61: Telecommunications

J62_J63: Computer programming, consultancy, and information service activities

L68: Real estate activities

L_M: Real estate activities; professional, scientific and technical activities

M: Professional, scientific and technical activities

M69-M74: Legal and accounting activities; activities of head offices; management consultancy activities; architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis; scientific research and development; advertising and market research; other professional, scientific and technical activities

M72: Scientific research and development

M73-M75: Advertising and market research; other professional, scientific and technical activities; veterinary activities

N: Administrative and support service activities

N77-N82_X_N79: Activities for rental and leasing, employment, security and investigation, services to buildings and landscape, office administrative, office support and other business support

N79: Travel agency, tour operator and other reservation service and related activities

S951: Repair of computers and communication equipment

PC_EMP_PMD: Percentage of persons employed working in enterprises which provide mobile devices

name: Use of mobile connections to the internet by employees by NACE Rev.2 activity


AL: Albania

EU25: European Union - 25 countries (2004-2006)

E_SEC2IANY: Enterprises experienced any ICT security related incidents leading to: unavailability of ICT services, destruction or corruption of data, disclosure of confidential data (for any reason)

E_SEC2ICNF: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: disclosure of confidential data (e.g. due to intrusion, pharming, phishing attack, actions by own employees (intentionally or unintentionally))

E_SEC2ICNFA: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: disclosure of confidential data due to intrusion, pharming, phishing attack, intentional actions by own employees

E_SEC2ICNFF: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: disclosure of confidential data due to unintentional actions by own employees

E_SEC2IDCD: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: destruction or corruption of data (e.g. due to infection of malicious software or unauthorised intrusion, hardware or software failures)

E_SEC2IDCDA: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: destruction or corruption of data due to infection of malicious software or unauthorised intrusion

E_SEC2IDCDF: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: destruction or corruption of data due to hardware or software failures

E_SEC2IGE3: Enterprises experienced any ICT security related incident leading to at least 3 consequences: of E_SEC2IUSVF, E_SEC2IUSVA, E_SEC2IDCDF, E_SEC2IDCDA, E_SEC2ICNFA, E_SEC2ICNFF

E_SEC2IUSV: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: unavailability of ICT services (e.g. Denial of Service attacks, ransomware attacks, hardware or software failures)

E_SEC2IUSVA: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: unavailability of ICT services due to attack from outside (e.g. Ransomware attacks, Denial of Service attacks)

E_SEC2IUSVF: Enterprises experienced ICT security related incidents leading to: unavailability of ICT services due to hardware or software failures

E_SECI2ANY: Enterprises experienced at least once problems due to an ICT related security incident (unavailability of ICT services, destruction or corruption of data, disclosure of confidential data)

E_SECI2CNF: Enterprises experienced at least once problems due to ICT security incident: disclosure of confidential data

E_SECI2DCD: Enterprises experienced at least once problems due to ICT security incident: destruction or corruption of data

E_SECI2NONE: Enterprises did not experience any problem due to ICT related security incidents (unavailability of ICT services, destruction or corruption of data, disclosure of confidential data)

E_SECI2USV: Enterprises experienced at least once problems due to ICT security incident: unavailability of ICT services

E_SECIANY: Enterprises experienced any ICT related security incidents excluding disclosure of confidential data in electronic form by employees

E_SECICNFA: Enterprises experienced ICT related security incidents that resulted in disclosure of confidential data due to intrusion, pharming, phishing attacks

E_SECICNFE: Enterprises experienced ICT related security incidents resulting in disclosure of confidential data in electronic form by employees whether on intention or unintentionally

E_SECIDD: Enterprises experienced ICT related security incidents that resulted in destruction or corruption of data due to infection or malicious software or unauthorised access

E_SECINONE: Enterprises did not experience any ICT related security incidents excluding disclosure of confidential data in electronic form by employees

E_SECINS: Enterprises having insurance against ICT security incidents

E_SECIUSA: Enterprises experienced ICT related security incidents that resulted in unavailability of ICT services due to attacks from outside, e.g. Denial of Service attack

E_SECIUSF: Enterprises experienced ICT related security incidents that resulted in unavailability of ICT services, destruction or corruption of data due to hardware or software failures

PC_ENT: Percentage of enterprises

PC_ENT_CUSE: Percentage of the enterprises which use a computer

PC_ENT_IUSE: Percentage of enterprises where persons employed have access to the internet

name: Security incidents and consequences by size class of enterprise


bu: break in time series, low reliability

D35: Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

M69-M71: Legal and accounting activities; activities of head offices; management consultancy activities; architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis

name: Security incidents and consequences by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_ITSEC3: The ICT security related activities are carried out by own employees or external suppliers

E_ITSEC3EXT: The ICT security related activities are carried out by external suppliers

E_ITSEC3OWN: The ICT security related activities are carried out by the own employees

E_SECAWCONT: Enterprises make persons employed aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues by contract (e.g. contract of employment)

E_SECAWCTP: Enterprises make persons employed aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues by compulsory training courses or viewing compulsory material

E_SECAWNONE: Enterprises don't make persons employed aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues

E_SECAWVTGI: Enterprises make persons employed aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues by voluntary training or internally available information (e.g. information on the intranet)

E_SECCONT: Enterprises have made staff aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues through contract, e.g. contract of employment

E_SECCTP: Enterprises have made staff aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues through compulsory training or presentations

E_SECMALL: Enterprises using all ICT security measures (as of 2022)

E_SECMDENC: ICT security measure used: encryption techniques for data, documents or e-mails

E_SECMDUO: ICT security measure used: combination of at least two authentication mechanisms (e.g. user-defined password, one-time password (OTP), code generated via a security token or received via a smartphone, biometric methods)

E_SECMGE1: Enterprises using any ICT security measure (as of 2022)

E_SECMGE3: Enterprises using at least 3 ICT security measures (as of 2022)

E_SECMGE5: Enterprises using at least 5 ICT security measures (as of 2022)

E_SECMGE7: Enterprises using at least 7 ICT security measures (as of 2022)

E_SECMKSUD: ICT security measure used: keeping the software (including operating systems) up-to-date

E_SECMLOG: ICT security measure used: maintaining log files for analysis after security incidents

E_SECMNAC: ICT security measure used: network access control (management of access by devices and users to the enterprise's network)

E_SECMOSBU: ICT security measure used: data backup to a separate location (including backup to the cloud)

E_SECMRASS: ICT security measure used: ICT risk assessment, i.e. periodically assessment of probability and consequences of ICT security incidents

E_SECMSMS: ICT security measure used: monitoring system that allows detecting suspicious activity in the ICT systems and alerts the enterprises about it, other than standalone anti-virus software

E_SECMSPSW: ICT security measure used: strong password authentication

E_SECMTST: ICT security measure used: ICT security tests

E_SECMUIBM: ICT security measure used: user identification and authentication via biometric methods implemented by the enterprise

E_SECMVPN: ICT security measure used: VPN (Virtual Private Network extends a private network across a public network to enable secure exchange of data over public network)

E_SECNONE: Enterprises have not made staff aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues

E_SECPALL: The ICT security policy addressed the risks of destruction or corruption of data, disclosure of confidential data and unavailability of ICT services due to an attack or an accident

E_SECPAR: The document(s) on measures, practices or procedures on ICT security address: management of access rights for the usage of ICT

E_SECPCNF: The ICT security policy addressed the risks of disclosure of confidential data due to intrusion, pharming, phishing attacks or by accident

E_SECPDD: The ICT security policy addressed the risks of destruction or corruption of data due to an attack or by unexpected incident

E_SECPDS: The ICT security policy addressed the risks of unavailability of ICT services due to an attack from outside (e.g. Denial of Service attack)

E_SECPOL: Enterprises had a formally defined ICT security policy with a plan of regular review

E_SECPOL1: Enterprises had a formally defined ICT security policy (as of 2015)

E_SECPOL2: Enterprises have document(s) on measures, practices or procedures on ICT security

E_SECPPR: The document(s) on measures, practices or procedures on ICT security address: procedures or rules to prevent or respond to security incidents

E_SECPREV_1_2: The enterprise's ICT security policy was defined or most recently reviewed more than 12 months and up to 24 months ago

E_SECPREV_CY: The enterprise's ICT security policy was defined or most recently reviewed within the last 12 months

E_SECPREV_LE2: The enterprise's ICT security policy was defined or most recently reviewed within the last 24 months

E_SECPREV_MT2: The enterprise's ICT security policy was defined or most recently reviewed more than 24 months ago

E_SECPRRD: The document(s) on measures, practices or procedures on ICT security address: responsibility, rights and duties of persons employed in the field of ICT

E_SECPSPAP: The document(s) on measures, practices or procedures on ICT security address: storage, protection, access or processing of data

E_SECPTRA: The document(s) on measures, practices or procedures on ICT security address: training of persons employed in the safe usage of ICT

E_SECVTGI: Enterprises have made staff aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues through voluntary training or generally available information (on the Intranet, news letters or paper documents)

PC_ENT_SECPOL1: Percentage of enterprises with an ICT security policy (as of 2015)

PC_ENT_SECPOL2: Percentage of enterprises with  document(s) on measures, practices or procedures on ICT security (as of 2019)

name: Security policy, measures, risks and staff awareness by size class of enterprise


E_SECANY: Enterprises have made staff aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues

E_SECAWANY: Enterprises make persons employed aware of their obligations in ICT security related issues

E_SECMANY: Enterprises using any ICT security measure

PC_ENT_SECPOL: Percentage of enterprises with an ICT security policy

name: Security policy, measures, risks and staff awareness by NACE Rev.2 activity


XK: Kosovo*

F_Y25_34: Females, 25 to 34 years old

F_Y35_44: Females 35 to 44 years old

F_Y45_54: Females 45 to 54 years old

F_Y55_64: Females 55 to 64 years old

F_Y65_74: Females 65 to 74 years old

IND_DCH: Individuals living in a household with children

IND_NO_DCH: Individuals living in a household without children

M_Y25_34: Males, 25 to 34 years old

M_Y35_44: Males 35 to 44 years old

M_Y45_54: Males 45 to 54 years old

M_Y55_64: Males 55 to 64 years old

M_Y65_74: Males 65 to 74 years old

Y25_64_EMPL_UNE: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are in the labour force (employed and unemployed)

I_SBANY: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from doing any of the following activities: I_SBGOOD, I_SBBANK, I_SBPERS, I_SBGOV, I_SBSOFT or I_SBMOB1

I_SBBANK: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from carrying out internet banking

I_SBGOOD: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from ordering or buying goods or services

I_SBGOV: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from communicating with public services or administrations

I_SBMOB: Security concerns kept individual from using the internet with mobile device (e.g. laptop) via wireless connection from places other than home

I_SBMOB1: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from using the Internet via public WiFi

I_SBOTH: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from doing other activities than I_SBGOOD, I_SBBANK, I_SBPERS, I_SBGOV, I_SBSOFT and I_SBMOB1

I_SBPERS: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from providing personal information to social or professional networking services

I_SBSOFT: Security concerns limited or prevented individuals from downloading software or apps, music, video files, games or other data files

I_SECFL2GB: Experienced financial loss over the internet and security concerns limited or prevented individuals from doing any of the following activities: I_SBGOOD, I_SBBANK

I_SECFLGB: Experienced financial loss over the internet and security concerns kept individual from doing ordering/bying goods/services or carrying out banking activities

PC_IND_ILT12: Percentage of individuals who used internet within the last year

name: Activities via internet not done because of security concerns


n: not significant

DE: Germany (until 1990 former territory of the FRG)

TR: Turkey

EMPL_UNE: Active labour force (employed and unemployed)

RETIR_OTHER: Retired and other inactive

Y25_64_RETIROTH: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are retired or other inactive

I_SCCHLDM: Mildly concerned about children accessing inappropriate web-sites or connecting with potentially dangerous persons from a computer within the household

I_SCCHLDS: Strongly concerned about children accessing inappropriate web-sites or connecting with potentially dangerous persons from a computer within the household

I_SCCHLDX: Not at all concerned about children accessing inappropriate web-sites or connecting with potentially dangerous persons from a computer within the household

I_SCFLPPM: Mildly concerned about financial loss as a result of receiving fraudulent messages ('phishing') or getting redirected to fake websites asking for personal information ('pharming')

I_SCFLPPS: Strongly concerned about financial loss as a result of receiving fraudulent messages ('phishing') or getting redirected to fake websites asking for personal information ('pharming')

I_SCFLPPX: Not at all concerned about financial loss as a result of receiving fraudulent messages ('phishing') or getting redirected to fake websites asking for personal information ('pharming')

I_SCFRDM: Mildly concerned about financial loss due to fraudulent payment (credit or debit) card use

I_SCFRDS: Strongly concerned about financial loss due to fraudulent payment (credit or debit) card use

I_SCFRDX: Not at all concerned about financial loss due to fraudulent payment (credit or debit) card use

I_SCPIFM: Mildly concerned about abuse of personal information sent on the internet and/or other privacy violations (e.g. abuse of pictures, videos, personal data uploaded on community websites)

I_SCPIFS: Strongly concerned about abuse of personal information sent on the internet and/or other privacy violations (e.g. abuse of pictures, videos, personal data uploaded on community websites)

I_SCPIFX: Not at all concerned about abuse of personal information sent on the internet and/or other privacy violations (e.g. abuse of pictures, videos, personal data uploaded on community websites)

I_SCSPMM: Mildly concerned about unsolicited emails received ('Spam')

I_SCSPMS: Strongly concerned about unsolicited emails received ('Spam')

I_SCSPMX: Not at all concerned about unsolicited emails received ('Spam')

I_SCVIRM: Mildly concerned about catching a virus or other computer infection (e.g. worm or Trojan horse) resulting in loss of information or time

I_SCVIRS: Strongly concerned about catching a virus or other computer infection (e.g. worm or Trojan horse) resulting in loss of information or time

I_SCVIRX: Not at all concerned about catching a virus or other computer infection (e.g. worm or Trojan horse) resulting in loss of information or time

I_SCX: Not at all concerned about any security issue

name: Concern about possible problems related to internet usage (2010)


Safety copies and back up files

CH: Switzerland

I_SAV1: Individuals who make back-up files from their computer on any external storage device or to internet storage space, automatically or manually

I_SAV1X: Individuals who don't make back-up files from their computer on any external storage device or to internet storage space

I_SAV2: Individuals who make back-up copies of their files on any external storage device or to internet storage space, automatically or manually

I_SAV2X: Individuals who don't make back-up copies of their files on any external storage device or to internet storage space

I_SAVALW: Frequency of safety copies/back up files: always or almost always

I_SAVNA: Not applicable (don't keep files on a computer)

I_SAVNEV: Frequency of safety copies/back up files: Never or hardly ever

I_SAVSMT: Frequency of safety copies/back up files: Sometimes


I_IUID_CCRD: Individuals used electronic identification certificate or card used with a card reader as identification procedure for online services

I_IUID_MP: Individuals used a procedure involving their mobile phone (a code received via a message) as identification procedure for online services

I_IUID_OTH: Individuals used other electronic identification procedure for online services

I_IUID_PCL: Individuals used single use pin code list as identification procedure for online services

I_IUID_SM: Individuals used social media login for other services as identification procedure for online services

I_IUID_ST: Individuals used a security token as identification procedure for online services

I_IUID_UP: Individuals used simple login with username and password as identification procedure for online services

name: Identification procedures used for online services (2018)


e: estimated

I_IUID1X: Individuals have not used any electronic identification procedure for accessing online services of I_IUID1_UP, I_IUID1_SM, I_IUID1_ST, I_IUID1_CCRD, I_IUID1_MP, I_IUID1_PCL, I_IUID1_OTH (3 months)

I_IUID1_CCRD: Individuals used electronic identification certificate or card with a card reader or an app as identification procedure for accessing online services (3 months)

I_IUID1_GE4: Individuals used at least 4 identification procedures for accessing online services of I_IUID1_UP, I_IUID1_SM, I_IUID1_ST, I_IUID1_CCRD, I_IUID1_MP, I_IUID1_PCL, I_IUID1_OTH (3 months)

I_IUID1_MP: Individuals used a procedure involving their mobile phone (a code received via a message) as identification procedure for accessing online services (3 months)

I_IUID1_OTH: Individuals used other electronic identification procedure for accessing online services (3 months) than I_IUID1_UP, I_IUID1_SM, I_IUID1_ST, I_IUID1_CCRD, I_IUID1_MP, I_IUID1_PCL

I_IUID1_PCL: Individuals used single use pin code list or random characters of a password as identification procedure for accessing online services (3 months)

I_IUID1_SM: Individuals used social media login as identification procedure for accessing otheronline services (3 months)

I_IUID1_ST: Individuals used a security token as identification procedure for accessing online services (3 months)

I_IUID1_UP: Individuals used simple login with username and password as identification procedure for accessing online services (3 months)

name: Identification procedures used for online services (2020 onwards)


RETIR: Retired Individuals

SAL: Employees

SELF_FAM: Self-employed, family workers

I_SCPCHLD: Strongly concerned about and experienced children accessing inappropriate web-sites or connecting with potentially dangerous persons from a computer within the household

I_SCPFLPP: Strongly concerned about and experienced financial loss as a result of receiving fraudulent messages ('phishing') or getting redirected to fake websites asking for personal information ('pharming')

I_SCPFRD: Strongly concerned about and experienced financial loss due to fraudulent payment (credit or debit) card use

I_SCPPIF: Strongly concerned about and experienced abuse of personal information sent on the internet and/or other privacy violations (e.g. abuse of pictures, videos, personal data uploaded on community websites)

I_SCPSPM: Strongly concerned about and received unsolicited emails ('Spam')

I_SCPVIR: Strongly concerned about and have caught a virus or other computer infection (e.g. worm or Trojan horse) resulting in loss of information or time

I_SEC1: Experienced any of the following security related problems: i_secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1

I_SECANY: Experienced any of the following security related incidents: I_SECFRD2, I_SECVIR1, I_SECMPI, I_SECSNH, I_SECOIT, I_SECPHI or I_SECPHA

I_SECANY4: Experienced any of the following security related problems: i_ secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1, i_secchld

I_SECANY4BUY: Bought over the internet and experienced any of the following security related problem: i_ secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1, i_secchld

I_SECANY5: Experienced any of the following security related problems: i_secvir1, i_secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1, i_secchld

I_SECANY6: Experienced any of the following security related problems: i_secvir1, i_secspm, i_secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1, i_secchld

I_SECANY6BUY: Bought over the internet and experienced any of the following security related problems: i_secvir1, i_secspm, i_ secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1, i_secchld

I_SECANY_BK: Done internet banking in the last 3 months and experienced in the last 12 months any of the security related incidents: I_SECFRD2, I_SECVIR1, I_SECMPI, I_SECSNH, I_SECOIT, I_SECPHI or I_SECPHA

I_SECANY_BUY: Bought over the internet and experienced any of the security related incidents: I_SECFRD2, I_SECVIR1, I_SECMPI, I_SECSNH, I_SECOIT, I_SECPHI or I_SECPHA

I_SECCHLD: Children accessing inappropriate web-sites or connecting with potentially dangerous persons from a computer within the household

I_SECFL2: Experienced financial loss resulting from identity theft, receiving fraudulent messages or being redirected to fake websites

I_SECFLPP: Financial loss as a result of receiving fraudulent messages ('phishing') or getting redirected to fake websites asking for personal information ('pharming')

I_SECFRD1: Financial loss due to fraudulent payment (credit or debit) card use

I_SECMPI: Misuse of personal information available on the Internet resulting in e.g. discrimination, harassment, bullying

I_SECOIT: Online identity theft (somebody stealing individuals' personal data and impersonating individuals e.g. shopping under an individual's name)

I_SECPHA: Getting redirected to fake websites asking for personal information ('pharming')

I_SECPHI: Receiving fraudulent messages ('phishing')

I_SECPIF1: Abuse of personal information sent on the internet and/or other privacy violations (e.g. abuse of pictures, videos, personal data uploaded on community websites)

I_SECPIFSN: Done social networking in the last 3 months and experienced in the last 12 months abuse of personal information sent on the internet and/or other privacy violations

I_SECSNH: Social network or e-mail account being hacked and content being posted or sent without individuals' knowledge

I_SECSPM: Unsolicited emails sent to individual ('Spam')

I_SECVIR1: Loss of documents, pictures or other data due to a virus or other computer infection (e.g. worm or Trojan horse)

PC_IND_SECOITPP: Percentage of individuals who have experienced online identity theft, phishing or pharming

name: Security related problems experienced when using the internet


I_ATSW: Individuals use anti-tracking software (software that limits the ability to track their activities on the internet)

I_ATSWX: Individuals don't use anti-tracking software (software that limits the ability to track their activities on the internet)

I_COOKX: Individuals who don't know that cookies can be used to trace movements of people on the internet

I_COOK_PCOOK: Individuals who know that cookies can be used to trace movements of people on the internet and who have ever changed the settings in their internet browser to prevent or limit them

I_COOK_PCOOKX: Individuals who know that cookies can be used to trace movements of people on the internet and who have never changed the settings in their internet browser to prevent or limit them

I_PCOOK: Individuals have ever changed the settings in their internet browser to prevent or limit the amount of cookies

I_PCOOKX: Individuals who have never changed the settings in their internet browser to prevent or limit the amount of cookies

I_PI: Individuals provided personal information over the internet

I_PIAC: Individuals managed access to their personal information on the internet by doing at least one of the selected activities (i_piacpp, i_piacgeo, i_piacsn, i_piacadv, i_piacsweb, i_piacud)

I_PIACADV: Individuals managed access to their personal information on the internet by not allowing the use of personal information for advertising purposes

I_PIACGEO: Individuals managed access to their personal information on the internet by restricting access to their geograpical location

I_PIACPP: Individuals managed access to their personal information on the internet by reading privacy policy statements before providing personal information

I_PIACSN: Individuals managed access to their personal information on the internet by limiting access to their profile or content on social networking sites

I_PIACSWEB: Individuals managed access to their personal information on the internet by checking that the website where they needed to provide personal information was secure (e.g. https sites, safety logo or certificate)

I_PIACUD: Individuals managed access to their personal information on the internet by asking websites or search engines to access the information hold about them to be updated or deleted

I_PICON: Individuals provided contact details over the internet

I_PIOTH: Individuals provided other personal information over the internet (e.g. photos, current location, information related to health, employment, income)

I_PIPAY: Individuals provided payment details over the internet

I_PIPER: Individuals provided personal details over the internet (name, date of birth, identity card number)

I_PIX: Individuals did not provide any personal information over the internet

I_TADVS: Individuals are somewhat concerned with their online activities being recorded to provide them with tailored advertising

I_TADVV: Individuals are very concerned with their online activities being recorded to provide them with tailored advertising

I_TADVVS: Individuals are concerned (to any degree) with their online activities being recorded to provide them with tailored advertising

I_TADVX: Individuals are not concerned at all with their online activities being recorded to provide them with tailored advertising

name: Privacy and protection of personal information (until 2016)


I_COOK1: Individuals know that cookies can be used to trace movements of people on the internet (3 months)

I_MAPS: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): at least one of I_MAPS_RPS, I_MAPS_RRGL, I_MAPS_LAP, I_MAPS_RAAD, I_MAPS_CWSC, I_MAPS_APD

I_MAPS_3: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): at least one of I_MAPS_RRGL, I_MAPS_LAP, I_MAPS_RAAD

I_MAPS_APD: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): asked websites or search engines administrator or provider to access the data they hold about me to update or delete it

I_MAPS_CWSC: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): checked that the website where personal data provided was secure

I_MAPS_LAP: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): limited access to profile or content on social networking sites or shared online storage

I_MAPS_RAAD: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): refused allowing the use of personal data for advertising purposes

I_MAPS_RPS: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): read privacy policy statements before providing personal data

I_MAPS_RRGL: Individuals manage access to personal data on the internet (3 months): restricted or refused access to the geographical location

I_PCOOK1: Individuals have changed the settings in their internet browser to prevent or limit cookies on any of their devices

I_USLCOOK: Individuals use software that limits the ability to track their activities on the internet

name: Privacy and protection of personal data (2020 onwards)


I_SCUXNE: Don't update security products: don't think the update is effective

I_SCUXNN: Don't update security products: it's unnecessary, the risk too low

I_SCUXNS: Don't update security products: don't know how to update

I_SCUXOTH: Don't update security products for other reasons

I_SCUXTE: Don't update security products: it's too expensive

PC_IND_SCSOFT: Percentage of individuals who used security software or tool

PC_IND_SCUAVX: Percentage of individuals who don't update their security products

name: Reasons for not updating security products (2010)


I_MPP: Individuals use a smartphone for private purposes

I_MPP_LST: Individuals already lost information, pictures, documents or other kind of data on the smartphone as a result of a virus or other hostile type of programs

I_MPP_RA: Individuals at least once restricted or refused access to personal data, when using or installing an app on the smartphone

I_MPP_RAKX: Individuals didn't know it was possible to restrict or refuse access to personal data, when using or installing an app on the smartphone

I_MPP_RAX: Individuals never restricted or refused access to personal data, when using or installing an app on the smartphone

I_MPP_SSA: Smartphone has some security system, installed automatically or provided with the operating system

I_MPP_SSM: Smartphone has some security system, installed by somebody or subscribed to it

PC_IND_MPP: Percentage of individuals who use a smartphone for private purposes

name: Trust, security and privacy - smartphones (2018)


I_MPP1: Individuals use a smartphone for private purposes (3 months)

I_MPP1_LST: Individuals already lost information, documents, pictures or other kind of data on their smartphone as a result of a virus or other hostile type of programs (3 months)

I_MPP1_RA: Individuals at least once restricted or refused access to personal data, when using or installing an app on the smartphone (3 months)

I_MPP1_RAKX: Individuals didn't know it was possible to restrict or refuse access to personal data, when using or installing an app on the smartphone (3 months)

I_MPP1_RANA: Individuals never restricted or refused access to personal data, when using or installing an app on the smartphone because don't use apps (3 months)

I_MPP1_RAX: Individuals never restricted or refused access to personal data, when using or installing an app on the smartphone (3 months)

I_MPP1_SSA: Smartphone has some security system, installed automatically or provided with the operating system (3 months)

I_MPP1_SSM: Smartphone has some security system, installed by somebody or subscribed to it (3 months)

I_MPP1_SSX: Smartphone has no security system (3 months)

I_MPP1_SSZ: Individuals don't know if their smartphone has some security system (3 months)

name: Trust, security and privacy - smartphones (2020 onwards)


I_SCANY: Use an IT security software package but don't know the components

I_SCAVS: Use a virus checking program and/or an anti-spyware program

I_SCFIR: Use a hardware or software firewall

I_SCOTH: Use other IT security software or tool (than i_scavx, i_scfir, i_scspam, i_scpc)

I_SCPC: Use a parental control or a web filtering software

I_SCSOFT: Use any kind of IT security software or tool (anti-virus, anti-spam, firewall, etc.) in order to protect private computer and data

I_SCSOFTNA: Don't need IT security software or tool (anti-virus, anti-spam, firewall, etc.) in order to protect private computer and data (don't use private computer)

I_SCSOFTX: Don't use any kind of IT security software or tool (anti-virus, anti-spam, firewall, etc.) in order to protect private computer and data

I_SCSOFTZ: Don't know if use any kind of IT security software or tool (anti-virus, anti-spam, firewall, etc.) in order to protect private computer and data

I_SCSPAM: Use an email filtering to prevent 'Spam'

I_SCUAV: Update one or more security products at least occasionally

I_SCUAVA: Update one or more security products every time an update is available

I_SCUAVO: Update one or more security products occasionally or when remember

I_SCUAVX: Don't update security products

I_SECANY4SS: Use security software and experienced any of the following security related problem: i_ secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1, i_secchld

I_SECANY6SS: Use security software and experienced any of the following security related problem: i_secvir1, i_secspm, i_ secpif1, i_secflpp, i_secfrd1, i_secchld

name: Use and update of IT security software or tool to protect the private computer and data (2010)


E_SM_1_PMONO: Use only one type of social medium for only one purpose: interacting with customers, with business partners, recruiting or exchanging within the enterprise

E_SM_1_PMULTI: Use only one type of social medium for more than one purpose: interacting with customers, with business partners, recruiting or exchanging within the enterprise

E_SM_GE2_PMONO: Use two or more social media for only one purpose: interacting with customers, with business partners, recruiting or exchanging within the enterprise

E_SM_GE2_PMULTI: Use two or more social media for more than one purpose: interacting with customers, with business partners, recruiting or exchanging within the enterprise

E_SM_PADVERT: Develop the enterprise's image or market products

E_SM_PANY: Use social media for any purpose (of sm_advert, sm_pcuqor, sm_pcudev, sm_pbpcoll, sm_prcr, sm_pexchvok)

E_SM_PBPCOLL: Collaborate with business partners (e.g. suppliers, etc.) or other organisations (e.g. public authorities, non governmental organisations, etc.)

E_SM_PBPCU: Enterprises using social media with business partners and customers

E_SM_PBPNCU: Enterprises using social media with business partners, but not with customers

E_SM_PCU: Enterprises using social media with customers

E_SM_PCUDEV: Involve customers in development or innovation of goods or services

E_SM_PCUQOR: Obtain or respond to customer opinions, reviews questions

E_SM_PCUQ_PNDEV: Enterprises using social media only with customers (excluding development and innovation)

E_SM_PEXCHVOK: Exchange views, opinions or knowledge within the enterprise

E_SM_PEXCHVOKQ: Enterprises using social media only to exchange views, opinions or knowledge within the enterprise

E_SM_PRCR: Recruit employees

E_WEBF3_SM_PMULTI: Website has online ordering, reservation or booking and at least one of: webacc, webctm, webot or webper and use social media for more than one purpose

PC_ENT_IACC: Percentage of the enterprises with internet access

PC_ENT_SM: Percentage of enterprises using social media

name: Social media use by purpose and size class of enterprise


name: Social media use by purpose and  NACE Rev.2 activity


E_ADS: Pay to advertise on the internet

E_ADS3: Pay to advertise on the internet, based on the webpages' content, keywords, users' past activities or profile or the geolocation

E_ADS_B2C: Have web sales to private consumers (B2C) and pay to advertise on the internet

E_ADS_KW: Pay to advertise on the internet, based on the webpages' content or keywords searched by users

E_ADS_LOC: Pay to advertise on the internet, based on the geolocation of internet users

E_ADS_OTH: Pay to advertise on the internet, based on any other method of targeted advertising

E_ADS_SM1_ANY: Pay to advertise on the Internet and use any social media

E_ADS_TRK: Pay to advertise on the internet, based on the tracking of internet users' past activities or profile

E_ADS_WEB: Have a website and pay to advertise on the internet

E_SM1_1: Use only one type of social media (as of 2014)

E_SM1_2: Enterprises using two types of social media (as of 2023)

E_SM1_3: Enterprises using three types of social media (as of 2023)

E_SM1_ANY: Use any social media (as of 2014)

E_SM1_BLOG: Use enterprise's blog or microblogs (e.g. Twitter, Present.ly, etc.) (as of 2014)

E_SM1_CNTSHR: Use multimedia content sharing websites (e.g. YouTube, Flickr, Picasa, SlideShare, etc.) (as of 2014)

E_SM1_GE2: Use two or more social media (as of 2014)

E_SM1_GE3: Use three or more social media (as of 2014)

E_SM1_SNET: Use social networks (e.g. Facebook, LinkedIn, Xing, Viadeo, Yammer, etc.) (as of 2014)

E_SM1_WIKI: Use wiki based knowledge sharing tools (as of 2014)

E_SMX_ADS: Do not use the above mentioned social media or use them only for posting paid adverts

E_SM_1: Use only one type of social media

E_SM_ANY: Use any social media

E_SM_ANY_ADS: Use any social media - only for posting paid adverts

E_SM_GE2: Use two or more types of social media

E_SM_POL_GE2: Have a formal policy for using social media and have used two or more social media

E_SM_WIKI: Use wiki based knowledge sharing tools

E_VBU: Enterprises using information about visitors' behaviour on their websites, e.g. for advertising or improving customer satisfaction

E_WEBF3_SM_GE2: Website has online ordering, reservation or booking and at least one of: webacc, webctm, webot or webper and use two or more social media

E_WEB_SM1_ANY: Have a Website and use any social media (as of 2014)

E_WEB_SM_ANY: Have a web site or a homepage and use any social media

E_WEB_SM_GE2: Have a web site or a homepage and use two or more social media

PC_ENT_ADS: Percentage of enterprises using internet ads

PC_ENT_WEB: Percentage of the enterprises having a website

name: Social media use by type, internet advertising and size class of enterprise


E_SM_BLOG: Use enterprise's blog or microblogs (e.g. Twitter, Present.ly, etc.)

E_SM_CNTSHR: Use multimedia content sharing websites (e.g. YouTube, Flickr, Picasa, SlideShare, etc.)

E_SM_SNET: Use social networks (e.g. Facebook, LinkedIn, Xing, Viadeo, Yammer, etc.)

name: Social media use by type, internet advertising and NACE Rev.2 activity


E_CHTB: Enterprises with a chat service where a chatbot or a virtual agent replies to customers

E_CHTP: Enterprises with a chat service where a person replies to customers

E_MOBAPP: Enterprises having a mobile app for clients (e.g. for loyalty program, e-commerce, customer support)

E_WEB: Enterprises with a website

E_WEB1_GE1: Enterprises where the website has at least one of: WEBACC, WEBORD, WEBCTM, WEBOT, WEBPER, WEBCHT, WEBVAC or WEBLANG

E_WEB1_GE2: Enterprises where the website has at least two of: WEBACC, WEBORD, WEBCTM, WEBOT, WEBPER, WEBCHT, WEBVAC or WEBLANG

E_WEB1_GE3: Enterprises where the website has at least three of: WEBACC, WEBORD, WEBCTM, WEBOT, WEBPER, WEBCHT, WEBVAC or WEBLANG

E_WEBACC: Enterprises where the website provided description of goods or services, price lists

E_WEBCHT: Enterprises where the website provides a chat service for customer support (a chatbot, virtual agent or a person replying to customers)

E_WEBCMP: Enterprises where the website provided for the electronic submission of complaints

E_WEBCTM: Enterprises where the website provides possibility for visitors to customise or design online goods or services

E_WEBF2: Enterprises where the website had at least one of the following: webacc, webctm, webot or webper

E_WEBF3: Enterprises where the website had online ordering, reservation or booking and at least one of: webacc, webctm, webot or webper

E_WEBLANG: Enterprises where the website has content available in at least two languages

E_WEBORD: Enterprises where the website provided online ordering or reservation or booking, e.g. shopping cart

E_WEBOT: Enterprises where the website provided order tracking available online

E_WEBPER: Enterprises where the website has personalised content for regular/recurrent visitors

E_WEBPRV: Enterprises where the website provided a private policy statement, a privacy seal or certification related to website safety

E_WEBSM: Enterprises where the website had links or references to the enterprise's social media profiles

E_WEBVAC: Enterprises where the website provided advertisement of open job positions or online job application

E_WEB_GE1: Enterprises where the website has at least one of: WEBACC, WEBORD, WEBCTM, WEBOT, WEBPER or WEBPSM

E_WEB_GE2: Enterprises where the website has at least two of: WEBACC, WEBORD, WEBCTM, WEBOT, WEBPER or WEBPSM

E_WEB_GE3: Enterprises where the website has at least three of: WEBACC, WEBORD, WEBCTM, WEBOT, WEBPER or WEBPSM

E_WEB_MA_SM1_ANY: Enterprises having a website and a mobile app for clients and using any social media

name: Websites and functionalities by size class of enterprise


E_WEB_MOBAPP: Enterprises having a website and a mobile app for clients

name: Websites and functionalities by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_CVD_CEMF: Enterprises with an increase in the remote access to the e-mail system of the enterprise which was fully due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CEMP: Enterprises with an increase in the remote access to the e-mail system of the enterprise which was partly due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CEMX: Enterprises with an increase in the remote access to the e-mail system of the enterprise which was not at all due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CRAF: Enterprises with an increase in the remote access to the ICT systems of the enterprise other than e-mail which was fully due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CRAP: Enterprises with an increase in the remote access to the ICT systems of the enterprise other than e-mail which was partly due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CRAX: Enterprises with an increase of the percentage of persons employed having remote access to the ICT systems of the enterprise other than e-mail and which was not at all due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CRMF: Enterprises with an increase in number of remote meetings conducted by the enterprise which was fully due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CRMP: Enterprises with an increase in number of remote meetings conducted by the enterprise which was partly due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_CRMX: Enterprises with an increase in number of remote meetings conducted by the enterprise which was not at all due to the Covid-19 pandemic

E_CVD_IEM: During 2020, enterprises have increased the percentage of persons employed having remote access to its e-mail system

E_CVD_IEMX: During 2020, the enterprise has not increased the percentage of persons employed having remote access to its e-mail system

E_CVD_IESI: During 2020, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the enterprise started or increased efforts to sell goods or services via internet

E_CVD_IESIX: During 2020, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the enterprise did not start or increase efforts to sell goods or services via internet

E_CVD_IRA: During 2020, enterprises have increased the percentage of persons employed having remote access to the ICT systems of the enterprise other than e-mail

E_CVD_IRAX: During 2020, the enterprise has not increased the percentage of persons employed having remote access to the ICT systems of the enterprise other than e-mail

E_CVD_IRM: During 2020, enterprises have increased the number of remote meetings conducted by the enterprise (e.g. via Skype, Zoom, MS Teams, etc.)

E_CVD_IRMX: During 2020, the enterprise has not increased the number of remote meetings conducted by the enterprise (e.g. via Skype, Zoom, MS Teams, etc.)

PC_ENT_CVD_IEM: Percentage of the enterprises which increased the percentage of persons employed having remote access to their e-mail system

PC_ENT_CVD_IRA: Percentage of the enterprises which increased the percentage of persons employed having remote access their ICT systems other than e-mail

PC_ENT_CVD_IRM: Percentage of the enterprises which increased the number of their remote meetings

name: Covid-19 Impact on ICT usage by size class of enterprise


name: Covid-19 Impact on ICT usage by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_DI2_HI: Enterprises with high digital intensity index (DII version 2)

E_DI2_LO: Enterprises with low digital intensity index (DII version 2)

E_DI2_VHI: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index (DII version 2)

E_DI2_VLO: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index (DII version 2)

E_DI3_GELO: Enterprises with at least basic level of digital intensity (DII Version 3)

E_DI3_HI: Enterprises with high digital intensity index (DII version 3)

E_DI3_LO: Enterprises with low digital intensity index (DII version 3)

E_DI3_VHI: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index (DII version 3)

E_DI3_VLO: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index (DII version 3)

E_DI4_GELO: Enterprises with at least basic level of digital intensity (DII Version 4)

E_DI4_HI: Enterprises with high digital intensity index (Version 4)

E_DI4_LO: Enterprises with low digital intensity index (Version 4)

E_DI4_VHI: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index (Version 4)

E_DI4_VLO: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index (Version 4)

E_DI_HI: Enterprises with high digital intensity index (DII version 1)

E_DI_LO: Enterprises with low digital intensity index (DII version 1)

E_DI_VHI: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index (DII version 1)

E_DI_VLO: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index (DII version 1)

name: Digital Intensity by size class of enterprise


name: Digital Intensity by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_DI4_HI_ENVPE: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_DI4_HI_ENVPECEI: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them, and apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_DI4_LO_ENVPE: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_DI4_LO_ENVPECEI: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them, and apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_DI4_VHI_ENVPE: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_DI4_VHI_ENVPECEI: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them, and apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_DI4_VLO_ENVPE: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_DI4_VLO_ENVPECEI: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them, and apply some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_ENVCEIX: The enterprises did not consider the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them

E_ENVPAP1: Enterprises applying some measures, affecting the amount of paper used for printing and copying

E_ENVPAP1X: Enterprises applying no measures, affecting the amount of paper used for printing and copying

E_ENVPE: Enterprises applying some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_ENVPECEI: The enterprises considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them and applying some measures, affecting the paper or energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_ENVREICT1: Enterprises applying some measures, affecting the energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_ENVREICT1X: Enterprises applying no measures, affecting the energy consumption of the ICT equipment

E_ENV_DKPT: When the ICT equipment of the enterprise is no longer used, it is kept in the enterprise

E_ENV_DKPTX: When the ICT equipment of the enterprise is no longer used, it is not kept in the enterprise

E_ENV_DREC: When the ICT equipment of the enterprise is no longer used, it is disposed of in electronic waste collection/recycling

E_ENV_DRECX: When the ICT equipment of the enterprise is no longer used, it is not disposed of in electronic waste collection/recycling

E_ENV_DSRD: When the ICT equipment of the enterprise is no longer used, it is sold, returned to a leasing enterprise, or donated

E_ENV_DSRDX: When the ICT equipment of the enterprise is no longer used, it is not sold, returned to a leasing enterprise, or donated

name: ICT and environment by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_DI4_HI_ENVCEI: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them

E_DI4_LO_ENVCEI: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them

E_DI4_VHI_ENVCEI: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them

E_DI4_VLO_ENVCEI: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them

E_ENVCEI: The enterprises considered the environmental impact of ICT services, or ICT equipment, before selecting them

name: ICT and environment by size class of enterprise


E_AIX_CC1SIX_DA: Enterprises perform data analytics, but don't use AI technologies and don't buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services

E_AIX_CC1SI_DA: Enterprises buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services and perform data analytics, but don't use AI technologies

E_AIX_CC1SI_DAX: Enterprises buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services, but don't use AI technologies and don't perform data analytics

E_AI_0: Enterprises don't use any AI system (of E_CHTB, E_BDAML, E_BDANL, E_RBTS)

E_AI_1: Enterprises use one AI system (of E_CHTB, E_BDAML, E_BDANL, E_RBTS)

E_AI_2: Enterprises use two AI systems (of E_CHTB, E_BDAML, E_BDANL, E_RBTS)

E_AI_3: Enterprises use three AI systems (of E_CHTB, E_BDAML, E_BDANL, E_RBTS)

E_AI_4: Enterprises use four AI systems (of E_CHTB, E_BDAML, E_BDANL, E_RBTS)

E_AI_ADOWN: Enterprises' AI technologies were developed by own employees

E_AI_AEXT: Enterprises' AI technologies were  developed or modified by external providers

E_AI_AMOWN: Enterprises' AI technologies were commercial software or systems modified by own employees

E_AI_AOS: Enterprises' AI technologies were open-source software or systems modified by own employees

E_AI_ARDY: Enterprises' AI technologies were commercial software or systems ready to use

E_AI_BCDP: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because of concerns regarding violation of data protection and privacy

E_AI_BCST: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because the costs seem too high

E_AI_BDDT: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because of difficulties with availability or quality of the necessary data

E_AI_BEC: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because of ethical considerations

E_AI_BINC: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because of incompatibility with existing equipment, software or systems

E_AI_BLE: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because of a lack of relevant expertise

E_AI_BLEG: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because of a lack of clarity about the legal consequences

E_AI_BNU: Enterprises do not use AI technologies, because artificial Intelligence technologies are not useful for Enterprise

E_AI_CC: Enterprises use AI technologies and buy any cloud computing services used over the internet

E_AI_CC1SIX_DA: Enterprises use AI technologies and perform data analytics, but don't buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services

E_AI_CC1SIX_DAX: Enterprises use AI technologies, but don't buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services and don't perform data analytics

E_AI_CC1SI_DA: Enterprises use AI technologies and buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services and perform data analytics

E_AI_CC1SI_DASANY2: Enterprises use AI technologies or buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services or perform data analytics on data from any source among E_DASWEB, E_DASLOC, E_DASSDS, E_DASGOV and E_DASSAT

E_AI_CC1SI_DASGE3: Enterprises use AI technologies or buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services or perform data analytics on data from at least three sources

E_AI_CC1SI_DAX: Enterprises use AI technologies and buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services, but don't perform data analytics

E_AI_DA: Enterprises use AI technologies and perform data analytics

E_AI_EC: Enterprises who ever considered to use one of the AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_AI_P1ANY: Enterprises use AI technologies for at least one of the purposes: AI_PMS, AI_PPP, AI_PBAM, AI_PLOG, AI_PITS, AI_PFIN, AI_PRDI

E_AI_P1GE2: Enterprises use AI technologies for at least two of the purposes: AI_PMS, AI_PPP, AI_PBAM, AI_PLOG, AI_PITS, AI_PFIN, AI_PRDI

E_AI_P1GE3: Enterprises use AI technologies for at least three of the purposes: AI_PMS, AI_PPP, AI_PBAM, AI_PLOG, AI_PITS, AI_PFIN, AI_PRDI

E_AI_PANY: Enterprises use AI technologies for at least one of the purposes: AI_PMS, AI_PPP, AI_PBA, AI_PME, AI_PLOG, AI_PITS, AI_PHR

E_AI_PBAM: Enterprises use AI technologies for organisation of business administration processes or management

E_AI_PBAMX: Enterprises do not use AI technologies for organisation of business administration processes or management

E_AI_PFIN: Enterprises use AI technologies for accounting, controlling or finance management

E_AI_PFINX: Enterprises do not use AI technologies for accounting, controlling or finance management

E_AI_PGE2: Enterprises use AI technologies for at least two of the purposes: AI_PMS, AI_PPP, AI_PBA, AI_PME, AI_PLOG, AI_PITS, AI_PHR

E_AI_PGE3: Enterprises use AI technologies for at least three of the purposes: AI_PMS, AI_PPP, AI_PBA, AI_PME, AI_PLOG, AI_PITS, AI_PHR

E_AI_PHR: Enterprises use AI technologies for human resources management or recruiting

E_AI_PITS: Enterprises use AI technologies for ICT security

E_AI_PLOG: Enterprises use AI technologies for logistics

E_AI_PME: Enterprises use AI technologies for management of enterprises

E_AI_PMS: Enterprises use AI technologies for marketing or sales

E_AI_PPP: Enterprises use AI technologies for production processes

E_AI_PRDI: Enterprises use AI technologies for research and development (R&D) or innovation activity

E_AI_PRDIX: Enterprises do not use AI technologies for research and development (R&D) or innovation activity

E_AI_TANY: Enterprises use at least one of the AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_AI_TAR: Enterprises use AI technologies enabling physical movement of machines via autonomous decisions based on observation of surroundings (autonomous robots, self-driving vehicles, autonomous drones)

E_AI_TGE2: Enterprises use at least two of the AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_AI_TGE3: Enterprises use at least three of the  AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_AI_TIR: Enterprises use AI technologies identifying objects or persons based on images (image recognition, image processing)

E_AI_TML: Enterprises use machine learning (e.g. deep learning) for data analysis

E_AI_TNLG: Enterprises use AI technologies generating written or spoken language (natural language generation)

E_AI_TPA: Enterprises use AI technologies automating different workflows or assisting in decision making (AI based software robotic process automation)

E_AI_TSR: Enterprises use AI technologies converting spoken language into machine-readable format (speech recognition)

E_AI_TTM: Enterprises use AI technologies performing analysis of written language (text mining)

E_AI_TX: Enterprises don't use any of the AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_BDAML: Analyse big data internally using machine learning

E_BDANL: Analyse big data internally using natural language processing, natural language generation or speech recognition

E_DI3_HI_AI_TANY: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which use any artificial intelligence technology

E_DI3_LO_AI_TANY: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which use any artificial intelligence technology

E_DI3_VHI_AI_TANY: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which use any artificial intelligence technology

E_DI3_VLO_AI_TANY: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which use any artificial intelligence technology

E_RBTS: Use service robots

PC_ENT_AI_EC: Percentage of the enterprises which ever considered to use any of the AI technologies

PC_ENT_AI_TANY: Percentage of the enterprises using at least one AI technologies

PC_ENT_AI_TX: Percentage of the enterprises using no AI technologies

name: Artificial intelligence by size class of enterprise


E_AI_CC1SI_DASANY: Enterprises use AI technologies or buy sophisticated or intermediate cloud computing services or perform data analytics on data from any source

E_AI_PBA: Enterprises use AI technologies for organisation of business administration processes

name: Artificial intelligence by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_BD: Enterprises analysing big data from any data source (until 2018)

E_BD3: Enterprises analysing big data from any data source (excluding other sources) (until 2018)

E_BDA: Analyse big data internally from any data source or externally

E_BDAAM: Analyse big data internally using any method (of E_BDAML, E_BDANL, E_BDAOM)

E_BDAEXT: Have another enterprise or organisation perform big data analysis for the enterprise

E_BDAINT3: Analyse big data internally from any data source (disregarding other sources)

E_BDAOM: Analyse big data internally using other methods (than E_BDAML, E_BDANL)

E_BDAOS: Analyse big data from other sources (than E_BDASDS, E_BDALOC, E_BDASM)

E_BDASDS: Analyse big data from smart devices or sensors

E_BDA_IOT: Enterprises analysing big data internally (from any data source) or externally and using IoT (until 2020)

E_BDA_IOTX: Enterprises analysing big data internally (from any data source) or externally but not using IoT (until 2020)

E_BDBOTH: Big data analysis for the enterprise is done by the enterprise's own employees and by an external provider (until 2018)

E_BDBUY: Enterprises purchased (access to) any big data

E_BDEXT: Big data analysis for the enterprise is done by an external service provider (until 2018)

E_BDLOC: Analyse big data from geolocation of portable devices (until 2018)

E_BDODS: Analyse own big data from enterprise's smart devices or sensors (until 2018)

E_BDOTH: Analyse big data from other sources (until 2018)

E_BDOWN: Big data analysis for the enterprise is done by the enterprise's own employees (until 2018)

E_BDSELL: Enterprises sold (access to) its own big data

E_BDSM: Analyse big data generated from social media (until 2018)

PC_ENT_BDA: Percentage of enterprises analysing big data internally or externally

name: Big data analysis by size class of enterprise


E_BDAINT: Analyse big data internally from any data source

E_BDALOC: Analyse big data from geolocation of portable devices

E_BDASM: Analyse big data generated from social media

PC_ENT_BD: Percentage of enterprises analysing big data

name: Big data analysis by NACE Rev.2 activity


Data analytics by NACE Rev.2 activity

E_DA: Data analytics for the enterprise is performed by the enterprise's own employees or by an external provider

E_DAEXT: Enterprises where data analytics for the enterprise is performed by external enterprise or organisation

E_DAOWN: Enterprises where data analytics for the enterprise is performed by own employees

E_DASANY2: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from any source among E_DASWEB, E_DASLOC, E_DASSDS, E_DASGOV and E_DASSAT

E_DASANY_ADS: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from any source and pay to advertise on the internet

E_DASCRM: Enterprises perform data analytics on data about customers, e.g. purchasing information, location, preferences, customer reviews, searches

E_DASERP: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from transaction records such as sale details, payments records

E_DASGE3: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from at least three sources

E_DASGOV: Enterprises perform data analytics on government authorities’ open data

E_DASLOC: Enterprises perform data analytics on location data from the use of portable devices or vehicles

E_DASLOC_BUY: Enterprises perform data analytics on location data from the use of portable devices and purchased (access to) any data

E_DASLOC_SELL: Enterprises perform data analytics on location data from the use of portable devices and sell (access to) its own data

E_DASSAT: Enterprises perform data analytics on satellite data

E_DASSDS_BUY: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from smart devices or sensors and purchased (access to) any data

E_DASSDS_SELL: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from smart devices or sensors and sell (access to) its own data

E_DASSM: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from social media including from enterprises' own social media profiles

E_DASSM_BUY: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from social media and purchased (access to) any data

E_DASSM_SELL: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from social media and sell (access to) its own data

E_DASWEB_BUY: Enterprises perform data analytics on web data and purchased (access to) any data

E_DASWEB_SELL: Enterprises perform data analytics on web data and sell (access to) its own data

E_DBUY: Enterprises purchased (access to) any data

E_DI3_HI_DASANY: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which perform data analytics on data from any source

E_DI3_LO_DASANY: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which perform data analytics on data from any source

E_DI3_VHI_DASANY: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which perform data analytics on data from any source

E_DI3_VLO_DASANY: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which perform data analytics on data from any source

E_DSELL: Enterprises sell (access to) any of its own data

E_DSELLX: Enterprises don't sell (access to) any of its own data

PC_ENT_DAOWN: Percentage of enterprises which performed Data Analytics by the enterprise's own employees


E_DASANY: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from any source

E_DASSDS: Enterprises perform data analytics on data from smart devices or sensors

E_DASWEB: Enterprises perform data analytics on web data

E_DI3_HI_DA: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which perform data analytics

E_DI3_LO_DA: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which perform data analytics

E_DI3_VHI_DA: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which perform data analytics

E_DI3_VLO_DA: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which perform data analytics

name: Data analytics by size class of enterprise


E_DI3_HI_SISC: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which share supply chain management information electronically with suppliers or customers

E_DI3_LO_SISC: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which share supply chain management information electronically with suppliers or customers

E_DI3_VHI_SISC: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which share supply chain management information electronically with suppliers or customers

E_DI3_VLO_SISC: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which share supply chain management information electronically with suppliers or customers

E_INV: Enterprises sending and/or receiving e-invoices

E_INV2: Enterprises sending / receiving e-invoices in a standard structure suitable for automatic processing

E_INV3R_AP_GT0: Enterprises receiving eInvoices, suitable for automated processing

E_INV3R_MP_GT0: Enterprises receiving eInvoices, in paper or electronic form not suitable for automated processing

E_INV3SBG: Enterprises sending invoices to other enterprises or public authorities (B2BG)

E_INV3SBG_AP_GT0: Enterprises sending eInvoices B2BG, suitable for automated processing

E_INV3SBG_EMP_GT0: Enterprises sending eInvoices B2BG, not suitable for automated processing

E_INV3SBG_PMPQ: Enterprises sending only paper invoices B2BG

E_INV3SBG_PMP_GT0: Enterprises sending paper invoices B2BG

E_INV3_AP: Enterprises sending or receiving eInvoices, suitable for automated processing

E_INV3_NAPQ: Enterprises sending or receiving invoices, not suitable for automatic processing only

E_INV4S_AP_10_24: Enterprises sending eInvoices, suitable for automated processing - at least 10% but less than 25% of all invoices

E_INV4S_AP_25_49: Enterprises sending eInvoices, suitable for automated processing - at least 25% but less than 50% of all invoices

E_INV4S_AP_50_74: Enterprises sending eInvoices, suitable for automated processing - at least 50% but less than 75% of all invoices

E_INV4S_AP_GE75: Enterprises sending eInvoices, suitable for automated processing - at least 75% of all invoices

E_INV4S_AP_LT10: Enterprises sending eInvoices, suitable for automated processing - less than 10% of all invoices

E_INV4S_EMP: Enterprises sending eInvoices, not suitable for automated processing

E_INV4S_PMP: Enterprises sending paper invoices

E_INVRECAP: Enterprises receiving e-invoices in a standard structure suitable for automatic processing

E_INVSND2: Enterprises sending e-invoices (derived indicator)

E_INVSNDAP: Enterprises sending e-invoices in a standard structure suitable for automatic processing

E_INVSNDNAP: Enterprises sending e-invoices not suitable for automatic processing

E_SISC: Enterprises whose business processes are automatically linked to those of their suppliers and/or customers

PC_ENT_ADE: Percentage of enterprises using ADE

PC_ENT_INV3SBG: Percentage of enterprises sending invoices B2BG

name: Integration with customers/suppliers, supply chain management by size class of enterprise


E_INV4R_AP: Enterprises receiving eInvoices, suitable for automated processing

E_INV4SBG_AP: Enterprises sending eInvoices B2BG, suitable for automated processing

E_INV4S_AP: Enterprises sending eInvoices, suitable for automated processing

name: Integration with customers/suppliers, supply chain management by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_BSANY: Enterprises using any business software (any of ERP, CRM, BI)

E_CRM: Enterprises using software solutions like Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

E_CRM1: Enterprises using Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software (as of 2023)

E_CRMAN: Enterprises using Customer Relationship Management to analyse information about clients for marketing purposes

E_CRMSTR: Enterprises using Customer Relationship Management to capture, store and make available clients information to other business functions

E_DI3_HI_BSANY: Enterprises with high digital intensity index, which use any business software (any of ERP, CRM, BI)

E_DI3_LO_BSANY: Enterprises with low digital intensity index, which use any business software (any of ERP, CRM, BI)

E_DI3_VHI_BSANY: Enterprises with very high digital intensity index, which use any business software (any of ERP, CRM, BI)

E_DI3_VLO_BSANY: Enterprises with very low digital intensity index, which use any business software (any of ERP, CRM, BI)

E_ERP1: Enterprises who have ERP software package to share information between different functional areas

E_ERP1_SM1_ANY: Enterprises using ERP software and any social media

E_ERP_CRM_BI_SISC: Enterprises using ERP or CRM or BI software, or share supply chain management information electronically with suppliers or customers

E_ITBI: Enterprises using Business Intelligence (BI) software

E_RFAC1: Enterprises using RFID technologies for person identification or access control (as of 2014)

E_RFASPRI1: Enterprises using RFID technologies for after sales product identification (as of 2014)

E_RFID1: Enterprises using Radio Frequency identification (RFID) technologies (as of 2014)

E_RFPSAS1: Enterprises using RFID technologies for after sales product identification or as part of the production and service delivery

E_RFPSDP1: Enterprises using RFID technologies as part of production and service delivery process (as of 2014)

E_SI1: Enterprises using ERP or CRM, or share supply chain management information electronically with suppliers or customers

PC_ENT_RFID: Percentage of the enterprises using RFID

PC_ENT_RFID1: Percentage of enterprises using RFID (as of 2014)

name: Integration of internal processes by size class of enterprise


E_ERP: Enterprises who have ERP software package to share information on sales/purchases with other internal functional areas

E_RFAC: Enterprises using RFID technologies for person identification or access control

E_RFASPRI: Enterprises using RFID technologies for after sales product identification

E_RFID: Enterprises using Radio Frequency identification (RFID) technologies

E_RFMC: Enterprises using RFID technologies for monitoring and control of industrial production

E_RFPRI: Enterprises using RFID technologies for product identification

E_RFPSDP: Enterprises using RFID technologies as part of production and service delivery process

E_RFSC: Enterprises using RFID technologies for supply chain and inventory tracking and tracing

E_RFSM: Enterprises using RFID technologies for service and maintenance information management, asset management

name: Integration of internal processes by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_CC_IOT: Enterprises buying CC services and using IoT (until 2020)

E_CC_IOTX: Enterprises buying CC services but not using IoT (until 2020)

E_IOT: Enterprises use IoT (interconnected devices or systems that can be monitored or remotely controlled via the internet) (until 2020)

E_IOT1: Enterprises use IoT (interconnected devices or systems that can be monitored or remotely controlled via the internet) (as of 2021)

E_IOT1X: Enterprises do not use IoT (interconnected devices or systems that can be monitored or remotely controlled via the internet) (as of 2021)

E_IOTD1_GE1: Enterprises use IoT for one or more purposes of: IOTDEC1, IOTDSEC, IOTDPP, IOTDLOG, IOTDMTN1, IOTDCUS1, IOTDOTH1

E_IOTD1_GE2: Enterprises use IoT for two or more purposes of: IOTDEC1, IOTDSEC, IOTDPP, IOTDLOG, IOTDMTN1, IOTDCUS1, IOTDOTH1

E_IOTD1_GE3: Enterprises use IoT for three or more purposes of: IOTDEC1, IOTDSEC, IOTDPP, IOTDLOG, IOTDMTN1, IOTDCUS1, IOTDOTH1

E_IOTDCUS: Enterprises use sensors, RFID or IP tags or internet-controlled cameras to improve customer service, monitor customers' activities or offer them a personalised shopping experience (until 2020)

E_IOTDCUS1: Enterprises use IoT for customer service (e.g. smart cameras or sensors to offer customers a personalised shopping experience) (as of 2021)

E_IOTDEC: Enterprises use smart meters, smart lamps, smart thermostats to optimise energy consumption in the enterprise's premises (until 2020)

E_IOTDEC1: Enterprises use IoT for energy consumption management (e.g. smart-meters, -thermostats, -lights) (as of 2021)

E_IOTDLOG: Enterprises use IoT for logistics management (e.g. sensors for tracking products or vehicles in warehouse management) (as of 2021)

E_IOTDMTN: Enterprises use movement or maintenance sensors to track the movement of vehicles or products, to offer condition-based maintenance of vehicles (until 2020)

E_IOTDMTN1: Enterprises use IoT for condition-based maintenance (e.g. sensors to monitor maintenance needs of machines or vehicles) (as of 2021)

E_IOTDOTH: Enterprises use other IoT devices or systems (than IOTDEC, IOTDCUS, IOTDMTN, IOTDPRD) (until 2020)

E_IOTDOTH1: Enterprises use IoT for other purposes (than IOTDEC1, IOTDSEC, IOTDPP, IOTDLOG, IOTDMTN1, IOTDCUS1)

E_IOTDPP: Enterprises use IoT for production processes (e.g. sensors or RFID tags to monitor or automate the production processes) (as of 2021)

E_IOTDPRD: Enterprises use sensors or RFID tags to monitor or automate production processes, to manage logistics, to track the movement of products (until 2020)

E_IOTDPRD1: Enterprises use IoT for production processes or logistics management (as of 2021)

E_IOTDSEC: Enterprises use IoT for premises' security (e.g. smart-alarm systems, -smoke detectors, -door locks, -security cameras) (as of 2021)

E_IOTD_GE2: Enterprises use two or more IoT devices or systems (until 2020)

PC_ENT_IOT1: Percentage of enterprises using Internet of Things (as of 2021)

name: Internet of Things by size class of enterprise


PC_ENT_IOT: Percentage of enterprises using Internet of Things

name: Internet of Things by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_P3D: Use 3D printing

E_P3D1_OTH: Use 3D printing services provided by other enterprises (as of 2020)

E_P3D1_OWN: Use own 3D printers (as of 2020)

E_P3D_ANY: Use 3D printing, for any of the listed purposes

E_P3D_NONE: Use 3D printing, for none of the listed purposes

E_P3D_OWN: Use own 3D printers

E_P3D_PGPP: Use 3D printing for goods to be used in the enterprise's production process, excluding prototypes or models

E_P3D_PGS: Use 3D printing for goods for sale, excluding prototypes or models

E_P3D_PPMI: Use 3D printing for prototypes or models for internal use

E_P3D_PPMS: Use 3D printing for prototypes or models for sale

E_RBT: Use industrial or service robots

E_RBTI: Use industrial robots

E_RBTS_ANY: Use service robots, for any of the listed purposes

E_RBTS_AW: Use service robots for assembly works

E_RBTS_CDR: Use service robots for construction works or damage repair tasks

E_RBTS_CWD: Use service robots for cleaning or waste disposal tasks

E_RBTS_GE2: Use service robots, for at least two purposes (of RBTS_SSI, RBTS_TPG, RBTS_CWD, RBTS_WMS, RBTS_AW, RBTS_SC, RBTS_CDR)

E_RBTS_NONE: Use service robots, for none of the listed purposes

E_RBTS_SC: Use service robots for robotic store clerk tasks

E_RBTS_SSI: Use service robots for surveillance, security or inspection tasks

E_RBTS_TPG: Use service robots for transportation of people or goods

E_RBTS_WMS: Use service robots for warehouse management systems

E_RBTWDR: The enterprise uses robots, partly because of difficulties to recruit personnel

E_RBTWDRX: The enterprise uses robots, but not because of difficulties to recruit personnel

E_RBTWER: The enterprise uses robots, partly to expand the range of goods produced or services provided by the enterprise

E_RBTWERX: The enterprise uses robots, but not to expand the range of goods produced or services provided by the enterprise

E_RBTWES: The enterprise uses robots, partly to enhance safety at work

E_RBTWESX: The enterprise uses robots, but not to enhance safety at work

E_RBTWHCL: The enterprise uses robots, partly because the high cost of labour

E_RBTWHCLX: The enterprise uses robots, but not because the high cost of labour

E_RBTWHP: The enterprise uses robots, partly to ensure high precision or standardized quality of processes and/or goods and services produced

E_RBTWHPX: The enterprise uses robots, but not to ensure high precision or standardized quality of processes and/or goods and services produced

E_RBTWTI: The enterprise uses robots, partly because of tax or other government incentives

E_RBTWTIX: The enterprise uses robots, but not because of tax or other government incentives

E_RBT_5_10: Enterprises using between 5 and 10 industrial or service robots

E_RBT_GT10: Enterprises using more than 10 industrial or service robots

E_RBT_LT5: Enterprises using less than 5 industrial or service robots

PC_ENT_P3D: Percentage of enterprises with 3D printing

PC_ENT_RBT: Percentage of enterprises using industrial or service robots

PC_ENT_RBTS: Percentage of enterprises using service robots

name: 3D printing and robotics by size class of enterprise


E_P3D_OTH: Use 3D printing services provided by other enterprises

name: 3D printing and robotics by NACE Rev.2 activity


DIS_LTD: Disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

DIS_LTD_SEV: Disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

DIS_NONE: Disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

DIS_SEV: Disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

F_DIS_LTD: Females with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

F_DIS_LTD_SEV: Females with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

F_DIS_NONE: Females with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

F_DIS_SEV: Females with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

M_DIS_LTD: Males with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

M_DIS_LTD_SEV: Males with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

M_DIS_NONE: Males with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

M_DIS_SEV: Males with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

Y16_24_DIS_LTD: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

Y16_24_DIS_LTD_SEV: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

Y16_24_DIS_NONE: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

Y16_24_DIS_SEV: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

Y25_54_DIS_LTD: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

Y25_54_DIS_LTD_SEV: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

Y25_54_DIS_NONE: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

Y25_54_DIS_SEV: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

Y55_74_DIS_LTD: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

Y55_74_DIS_LTD_SEV: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

Y55_74_DIS_NONE: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

Y55_74_DIS_SEV: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

I_BANY_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from a private person: goods, household services, transport services or rented accommodation

I_BANY_PP1: Online purchases (3 months) from private persons: goods, household services, transport services or rented accommodation (as of 2023)

I_BHHS_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from private persons: household services

I_BPG_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from private persons: any physical goods

I_BRA_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from a private person: rented accommodation

I_BTPS_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from a private person: transport service

PC_IND_BUY3: Percentage of individuals who purchased online in the last 3 months

name: Internet purchases - collaborative economy (2020 onwards)


E_AEBEUWW: Enterprises purchasing online from suppliers located in other EU countries and the rest of the world

E_AEBHM: Enterprises purchasing online from suppliers located in the own country

E_AEBUY: Enterprises purchasing online

E_AEBWW: Enterprises purchasing online from suppliers located in the rest of the world

E_EBUY: Enterprises purchasing online (at least 1% of orders)

E_EBUY2: Enterprises purchasing online of at least 1% of total purchases (as of 2014)

PC_ENT_AEBUY: Percentage of enterprises sending e-commerce orders over the last calendar year

name: E-commerce purchases by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_AEBEU: Enterprises purchasing online from suppliers located in other EU countries

name: E-commerce purchases by size class of enterprise


E_AESBEU: Enterprises with e-commerce sales or purchases to other EU countries

E_AESBHM: Enterprises with e-commerce sales or purchases to the own country

E_AESBWW: Enterprises with e-commerce sales or purchases in the rest of the world

E_AESELL: Enterprises with e-commerce sales

E_AESEUWW: Enterprises with e-commerce sales to other EU countries and the rest of the world

E_AESHM: Enterprises with e-commerce sales to the own country

E_AESPAYOFF: Enterprises accepting offline payment for web sales

E_AESPAYON: Enterprises accepting online payment for web sales

E_AESWW: Enterprises with e-commerce sales to the rest of the world

E_AWSCMPDM: Enterprises with web sales via at least two e-commerce marketplaces and where more than 50% of the turnover from sales via e-commerce marketplaces came from only one marketplace

E_AWSCMP_1: Enterprises with web sales via one e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWSCMP_2: Enterprises with web sales via two e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWSCMP_GT2: Enterprises with web sales via more than two e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWSELL: Enterprises with web sales (via websites, apps or marketplaces)

E_AWSEU: Enterprises with web sales to other EU countries

E_AWSFOR: Enterprises with web sales to foreign countries (EU or rest of the world)

E_AWSHM: Enterprises with web sales to the own country

E_AWSVAL_B2C_GE10WS: Enterprises where B2C web sales are 10% or more of the web sales

E_AWSVAL_B2C_GE10WS_CMP: Enterprises where B2C web sales are 10% or more of the total web sales and which sold via e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWSWW: Enterprises with web sales to the rest of the world

E_AWS_B2BG: Enterprises with web sales - B2B and B2G

E_AWS_B2C: Enterprises with web sales - B2C

E_AWS_B2C_CMP: Enterprises with B2C web sales and web sales via e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWS_B2C_GT1WS: Enterprises where B2C web sales are more than 1% of the web sales

E_AWS_B2C_WEBCMP: Enterprises with web sales - B2C and website has electronic submission of complaints

E_AWS_CBOTH: Enterprises which sold via their own websites or apps and via an e-commerce marketplace

E_AWS_CMP: Enterprises with web sales via e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWS_CMP_GE20: Enterprises with at least 20% of web sales via e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWS_COWN: Enterprises with web sales via their own websites or apps

E_AWS_GT1_B2C_GT10WS: Enterprises where web sales are more than 1% of total turnover and B2C web sales more than 10% of the web sales

E_AXSELL: Enterprises with EDI-type sales

E_ESELL: Enterprises with e-commerce sales of at least 1% turnover

PC_ENT_AESELL: Percentage of enterprises receiving e-commerce orders over the last calendar year

PC_ENT_AWSELL: Percentage of enterprises with web sales

name: E-commerce sales of enterprises by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_AESEU: Enterprises with e-commerce sales to other EU countries

E_AWSCMP_GE2: Enterprises with web sales via at least two e-commerce marketplaces

name: E-commerce sales of enterprises by size class of enterprise


E_AESVEU: Enterprises' turnover from e-commerce sales to other EU countries

E_AESVHM: Enterprises' turnover from e-commerce sales to own country

E_AESVWW: Enterprises' turnover from e-commerce sales to the rest of the world

E_AWSVAL: Enterprises' turnover from web sales

E_AWSVAL_B2BG: Enterprises' turnover from web sales - B2B and B2G

E_AWSVAL_B2C: Enterprises' turnover from web sales - B2C

E_AWSVAL_CMP: Enterprises' turnover from web sales via e-commerce marketplaces

E_AWSVAL_COWN: Enterprises' turnover from web sales via own websites or apps

E_AWSVAL_EU: Enterprises' turnover from web sales to customers located in other EU countries

E_AWSVAL_GT1_B2C_GT10WS: B2C web sales of enterprises where web sales > 1% of total turnover and B2C web sales > 10% of the web sales

E_AWSVAL_HM: Enterprises' turnover from web sales to customers located in the own country

E_AWSVAL_WW: Enterprises' turnover from web sales to customers located in the rest of the world

E_AXSVAL: Enterprises' turnover from EDI-type sales

E_ETURN: Enterprises' total turnover from e-commerce sales

T_AWS_CMP_GE20: Turnover of enterprises where web sales via e-commerce marketplaces are at least 20% of the web sales

T_AWS_GT1_B2C_GT10WS: Turnover of enterprises where web sales > 1% of total turnover and B2C web sales > 10% of the web sales

PC_AWSVAL: Percentage of web sales

PC_ETURN: Percentage of turnover from e-commerce

PC_TURN: Percentage of turnover

name: Value of e-commerce sales by NACE Rev.2 activity


MIO_EUR: Million euro

name: Monetary value of e-commerce sales by NACE Rev.2 activity


name: Value of e-commerce sales by size class of enterprise


name: Monetary value of e-commerce sales by size class of enterprise