EMP_A: Persons aged 16-74 working in agriculture, forestry or fishing

EMP_B: Persons aged 16-74 working in mining or quarrying

EMP_C: Persons aged 16-74 working in manufacturing

EMP_CON_PRM: Working with a permanent job or under contract of unlimited duration

EMP_CON_TMP: Working with a temporary job or under contract of limited duration

EMP_D: Persons aged 16-74 working in electricity, gas, steam or air conditioning supply

EMP_E: Persons aged 16-74 working in water supply; sewerage, waste management or remediation activities

EMP_F: Persons aged 16-74 working in the construction

EMP_G: Persons aged 16-74 working in wholesale or retail trade, or in the repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

EMP_H: Persons aged 16-74 working in transportation and storage

EMP_I: Persons aged 16-74 working in accommodation or food service activities

EMP_J: Persons aged 16-74 working in information and communication

EMP_K: Persons aged 16-74 working in financial or insurance activities

EMP_L: Persons aged 16-74 working in real estate activities

EMP_M: Persons aged 16-74 working in professional, scientific or technical activities

EMP_N: Persons aged 16-74 working in administrative or support service activities

EMP_O: Persons aged 16-74 working in public administration, defence or compulsory social security

EMP_P: Persons aged 16-74 working in education

EMP_Q: Persons aged 16-74 working in human health or social work activities

EMP_R: Persons aged 16-74 working in arts, entertainment or recreation

EMP_S: Persons aged 16-74 working in other service activities

EMP_WKT_FT: Employees working full time

EMP_WKT_PT: Employees working part time

I_B3_12: Last online purchase: between 3 and 12 months ago

I_BF_1_2: Frequency of online purchases in the last 3 months: 1 or 2 times

I_BF_3-5: Frequency of online purchases in the last 3 months: 3 to 5 times

I_BF_6-10: Frequency of online purchases in the last 3 months: 6 to 10 times

I_BF_GT10: Frequency of online purchases in the last 3 months: more than 10 times

I_BF_HI: Frequency of online purchases in the last 3 months: 6 times or more

I_BGT3: Last online purchase: more than 3 months ago

I_BOTS: Online purchases (3 months): other services than mentioned

I_BUMT12X: Last online purchase: more than a year ago or never

I_BUY3: Last online purchase: in the last 3 months

name: Internet purchases by individuals (2020 onwards)


OBS_FLAG: Observation status (Flag)

b: break in time series

bu: break in time series, low reliability

e: estimated

u: low reliability

freq: Time frequency

geo: Geopolitical entity (reporting)

ind_type: Individual type

indic_is: Information society indicator

unit: Unit of measure

[A] Annual

AL: Albania

AT: Austria

BA: Bosnia and Herzegovina

BE: Belgium

BG: Bulgaria

CH: Switzerland

CY: Cyprus

CZ: Czechia

DE: Germany

DK: Denmark

EE: Estonia

EL: Greece

ES: Spain

EU27_2020: European Union - 27 countries (from 2020)

FI: Finland

FR: France

HR: Croatia

HU: Hungary

IE: Ireland

IS: Iceland

IT: Italy

LT: Lithuania

LU: Luxembourg

LV: Latvia

ME: Montenegro

MK: North Macedonia

MT: Malta

NL: Netherlands

NO: Norway

PL: Poland

PT: Portugal

RO: Romania

RS: Serbia

SE: Sweden

SI: Slovenia

SK: Slovakia

TR: Türkiye

UK: United Kingdom

XK: Kosovo*

CB_EU_FOR: Individuals who are born in another EU Member State

CB_EXT_EU: Individuals who are born in non-EU country

CB_FOR: Individuals who are foreign-born

CB_NAT: Individuals who are native-born

CC_EU_FOR: Nationals of another EU-Member State

CC_EXT_EU: Nationals of non-EU country

CC_FOR: Non-nationals

CC_NAT: Nationals

DIS_LTD: Disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

DIS_LTD_SEV: Disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

DIS_NONE: Disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

DIS_SEV: Disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

EMPL_UNE: Individuals in the labour force (employed and unemployed)

F_DIS_LTD: Females with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

F_DIS_LTD_SEV: Females with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

F_DIS_NONE: Females with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

F_DIS_SEV: Females with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

F_I0_2: Females with low formal education

F_I3_4: Females with medium formal education

F_I5_8: Females with high formal education

F_Y16_24: Females, 16 to 24 years old

F_Y16_74: Females, 16 to 74 years old

F_Y25_34: Females, 25 to 34 years old

F_Y25_54: Females 25 to 54 years old

F_Y25_64: Females, 25 to 64 years old

F_Y35_44: Females 35 to 44 years old

F_Y45_54: Females 45 to 54 years old

F_Y55_64: Females 55 to 64 years old

F_Y55_74: Females 55 to 74 years old

F_Y65_74: Females 65 to 74 years old

HHI_Q1: Individual living in a household with income in first quartile

HHI_Q2: Individual living in a household with income in second quartile

HHI_Q3: Individual living in a household with income in third quartile

HHI_Q4: Individual living in a household with income in fourth quartile

I0_2: Individuals with no or low formal education

I3_4: Individuals with medium formal education

I5_8: Individuals with high formal education

IND_BROAD: Individuals living in a household with broadband access

IND_BROADX: Individuals living in a household with Internet access but with no broadband access

IND_DCH: Individuals living in a household with children

IND_DEG1: Individuals living in cities

IND_DEG2: Individuals living in towns and suburbs

IND_DEG3: Individuals living in rural areas

IND_NO_DCH: Individuals living in a household without children

IND_TOTAL: All Individuals

ISCO0_5: Non-manual including the armed forces

ISCO6_9: Manual

ISCO_ICT: ICT professionals

ISCO_ICTX: Non ICT professionals

M_DIS_LTD: Males with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

M_DIS_LTD_SEV: Males with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

M_DIS_NONE: Males with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

M_DIS_SEV: Males with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

M_I0_2: Males with low formal education

M_I3_4: Males with medium formal education

M_I5_8: Males with high formal education

M_Y16_24: Males, 16 to 24 years old

M_Y16_74: Males, 16 to 74 years old

M_Y25_34: Males, 25 to 34 years old

M_Y25_54: Males 25 to 54 years old

M_Y25_64: Males, 25 to 64 years old

M_Y35_44: Males 35 to 44 years old

M_Y45_54: Males 45 to 54 years old

M_Y55_64: Males 55 to 64 years old

M_Y55_74: Males 55 to 74 years old

M_Y65_74: Males 65 to 74 years old

RETIR_OTHER: Individuals who are retired or not in the labour force (excluding students)

SAL_SELF_FAM: Employees, self-employed, family workers

STUD: Students

UNE: Unemployed

Y0_15: Individuals, 15 years old or less

Y16_24: Individuals, 16 to 24 years old

Y16_24HI: Individuals aged 16-24 with high formal education

Y16_24LO: Individuals aged 16-24 with low education

Y16_24ME: Individuals aged 16-24 with medium formal education

Y16_24_DIS_LTD: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

Y16_24_DIS_LTD_SEV: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

Y16_24_DIS_NONE: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

Y16_24_DIS_SEV: Individuals aged 16 to 24 with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

Y25_34: Individuals, 25 to 34 years old

Y25_54: Individuals, 25 to 54 years old

Y25_54HI: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with high formal education

Y25_54LO: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with low formal education

Y25_54ME: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with medium formal education

Y25_54_DIS_LTD: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

Y25_54_DIS_LTD_SEV: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

Y25_54_DIS_NONE: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

Y25_54_DIS_SEV: Individuals aged 25 to 54 with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

Y25_64: Individuals, 25 to 64 years old

Y25_64HI: Individuals aged 25 to 64 with high formal education

Y25_64LO: Individuals aged 25 to 64 with low formal education

Y25_64ME: Individuals aged 25 to 64 with medium formal education

Y25_64_EMPL_UNE: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are in the labour force (employed and unemployed)

Y25_64_RETIROTH: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are retired or not in the labour force (excluding students)

Y25_64_SALSELFFAM: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are employees, self-employed or family workers

Y25_64_UNE: Individuals aged 25 to 64 who are unemployed

Y35_44: Individuals, 35 to 44 years old

Y45_54: Individuals, 45 to 54 years old

Y55_64: Individuals, 55 to 64 years old

Y55_74HI: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with high formal education

Y55_74LO: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with low formal education

Y55_74ME: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with medium formal education

Y55_74_DIS_LTD: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - limited, but not severely

Y55_74_DIS_LTD_SEV: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - limited or severely limited

Y55_74_DIS_NONE: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - not limited at all

Y55_74_DIS_SEV: Individuals aged 55 to 74 with disability (activity limitation) - severely limited

I_BANY_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from a private person: goods, household services, transport services or rented accommodation

I_BANY_PP1: Online purchases (3 months) from private persons: goods, household services, transport services or rented accommodation (as of 2023)

I_BAPP: Online purchases (3 months): other apps (e.g. related to learning languages, travelling, weather) (excluding free apps)

I_BBMC: Online purchases (3 months): bicycles, mopeds, cars, or other vehicles or their spare parts

I_BBOOKNLG: Online purchases (3 months): printed books, magazines or newspapers

I_BBOOKNLS: Online purchases (3 months): e-books, online-magazines or online-newspapers

I_BCBW: Online purchases (3 months): cosmetics, beauty or wellness products

I_BCG: Online purchases (3 months): children toys or childcare items

I_BCLOT1: Online purchases (3 months): clothes (including sport clothing), shoes or accessories

I_BCPH: Online purchases (3 months): cleaning products or personal hygiene products

I_BCS: Online purchases (3 months): divers online services (I_BMUSS, I_BFLMS,I_BBOOKNLS, I_BGAMES)

I_BCTICK: Online purchases (3 months): tickets to cultural or other events

I_BEEQU1: Online purchases (3 months): consumer electronics or household appliances

I_BFDR: Online purchases (3 months): deliveries from restaurants, fast-food chains, catering services

I_BFDS: Online purchases (3 months): food or beverages from stores or from meal-kits providers

I_BFLMG: Online purchases (3 months): films or series as DVDs, Blu-ray etc.

I_BFLMS: Online purchases (3 months): films or series as a streaming service or downloads

I_BFURN1: Online purchases (3 months): furniture, home accessories or gardening products

I_BGAMES: Online purchases (3 months): games online or as downloads for smartphones, tablets, computers or consoles

I_BHARD1: Online purchases (3 months): computers, tablets, mobile phones or accessories

I_BHHS: Online purchases (3 months): household services (e.g. cleaning, babysitting, repair work, gardening)

I_BHHS_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from private persons: household services

I_BHLFTS: Online purchases (3 months): apps related to health or fitness (excluding free apps)

I_BMED1: Online purchases (3 months): medicine or dietary supplements such as vitamins (online renewal of prescriptions is not included)

I_BMUFL: Type of goods bought via a website or app for private use in the last 3 months: music as CDs, vinyls, films or series as DVDs, Blu-ray, etc.

I_BMUSG: Online purchases (3 months): music as CDs, vinyls etc.

I_BMUSS: Online purchases (3 months): music as a streaming service or downloads

I_BOPG: Online purchases (3 months): other physical goods

I_BPG_ANY: Online purchases (3 months): any physical goods (I_BCLOT1, I_BSPG, I_BCG, I_BFURN1, I_BMUSG, I_BFLMG, I_BBOOKNLG, I_BHARD1, I_BEEQU1, I_BMED1, I_BFDR, I_BFDS, I_BCBW, I_BCPH, I_BBMC, I_BOPG)

I_BPG_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from private persons: any physical goods

I_BRA: Online purchases (3 months) from an enterprises or a private person: rented accommodation

I_BRA_E: Online purchases (3 months) from enterprises such as hotels or travel agencies: rented accommodation

I_BRA_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from a private person: rented accommodation

I_BSIMC: Online purchases (3 months): subscriptions to the internet or mobile phone connections

I_BSOFTS: Online purchases (3 months): computer or other software as downloads including upgrades

I_BSPG: Online purchases (3 months): sports goods (excluding sport clothing)

I_BSTICK: Online purchases (3 months): tickets to sport events

I_BSUTIL: Online purchases (3 months): subscription to electricity, water or heating supply, waste disposal or similar services

I_BTPS: Online purchases (3 months) from a transport enterprise or a private person: transport service

I_BTPS_E: Online purchases (3 months) from a transport enterprise: transport service

I_BTPS_PP: Online purchases (3 months) from a private person: transport service

PC_IND_BUY3: Percentage of individuals who purchased online in the last 3 months

PC_IND_ILT12: Percentage of individuals who used internet within the last year

PC_IND_IU3: Percentage of individuals who used internet in the last 3 months

name: Internet purchases - goods or services (2020 onwards)


OBS_STATUS: Observation Status

FREQ: Frequency

EU15: European Union - 15 countries (1995-2004)

EU27_2007: European Union - 27 countries (2007-2013)

EU28: European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020)

Y55_74: Individuals, 55 to 74 years old

Y65_74: Individuals, 65 to 74 years old

Y75_MAX: Individuals, 75 years old or more

I_BADV: Individuals bought/ordered online by clicking/buying straightaway through an advertisement on a social media website or app

I_BADVX: Individuals did not buy/order online by clicking/buying straightaway through an advertisement on a social media website or app

I_BICAPPALW: Individuals used price or product comparison websites or apps every time or almost every time before buying/ordering online

I_BICAPPNEV: Individuals used price or product comparison websites or apps rarely or never before buying/ordering online

I_BICAPPSMT: Individuals used price or product comparison websites or apps some times before buying/ordering online

I_BICRALW: Individuals used customer reviews on websites or blogs every time or almost every time before buying/ordering online

I_BICRNEV: Individuals used customer reviews on websites or blogs rarely or never before buying/ordering online

I_BICRSMT: Individuals used customer reviews on websites or blogs some times before buying/ordering online

I_BISRALW: Individuals used information from several retailer, producer or service provider websites every time or almost every time before buying/ordering online

I_BISRNEV: Individuals used information from several retailer, producer or service provider websites rarely or never before buying/ordering online

I_BISRSMT: Individuals used information from several retailer, producer or service provider websites some times before buying/ordering online

PC_IND: Percentage of individuals

PC_IND_BLT12: Percentage of individuals who ordered goods or services, over the internet, for private use, in the last year

name: Consumers' behaviour related to online purchases (2016)

provider_code: Eurostat

provider_name: Eurostat


I_IBV1_100-299: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 100 and 299 euro

I_IBV1_100-499: Online purchases (3 months) for between 100 and 499 euro

I_IBV1_300-499: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 300 and 499 euro

I_IBV1_50-99: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 50 and 99 euro

I_IBV1_500-699: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 500 and 699 euro

I_IBV1_500-999: Online purchases (3 months) for between 500 and 999 euro

I_IBV1_700-999: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 700 and 999 euro

I_IBV1_GE1000: Online purchases (3 months) for 1000 euro or more

I_IBV1_HI: Online purchases in the last 3 months for 100 euro or more

I_IBV1_LT50: Online purchases in the last 3 months for less than 50 euro

name: Internet purchases - money spent (2020 onwards)


I_BPG_DOM: Online purchases (3 months): from national sellers

I_BPG_EU: Online purchases (3 months): from sellers from other EU countries

I_BPG_FOR: Online purchases (3 months): from sellers from other countries (EU or non-EU)

I_BPG_UNK: Online purchases (3 months): from sellers from unknown countries

I_BPG_WRLD: Online purchases (3 months): from sellers of the rest of the world (non-EU countries)

name: Internet purchases - origin of sellers (2020 onwards)


c: confidential

EU25: European Union - 25 countries (2004-2006)

EMP_SECT_ADM: Working in public administration, defence, education, human health or social work activities

EMP_SECT_AFF: Working in agriculture, forestry or fishing

EMP_SECT_BS: Working in business services

EMP_SECT_CON: Working in construction

EMP_SECT_FIN: Working in financial or insurance activities

EMP_SECT_IC: Working in information or communication

EMP_SECT_MQM: Working in mining or quarrying, manufacturing or other industry

EMP_SECT_OTH: Working in other service activities

EMP_SECT_RE: Working in real estate activities

EMP_SECT_TTAFS: Working in wholesale or retail trade, transport, accommodation or food service activities

F_Y16_19: Females, 16 to 19 years old

F_Y16_29: Females, 16 to 29 years old

F_Y20_24: Females, 20 to 24 years old

F_Y25_29: Females, 25 to 29 years old

IND_NO1: Individuals living in Not Objective 1 regions / 'Regional Competitiveness and Employment' Region

IND_O1: Individuals living in Objective 1 regions / 'Convergence' regions

MD: Mobile internet users

MDX: Non-users of mobile internet

M_Y16_19: Males, 16 to 19 years old

M_Y16_29: Males, 16 to 29 years old

M_Y20_24: Males, 20 to 24 years old

M_Y25_29: Males, 25 to 29 years old

RF_GE1: Individuals with at least one of the 3 following characteristics: 55 to 74 years old; low education; unemployed or inactive or retired

RF_GE2: Individuals with at least two of the 3 following characteristics: 55 to 74 years old; low education; unemployed or inactive or retired

Y16_29HI: Individuals aged 16-29 with high formal education

Y16_29LO: Individuals aged 16-29 with low formal education

Y16_29ME: Individuals aged 16-29 with medium formal education

I_BBOOK: Online purchases: books/magazines/newspapers/e-learning material

I_BBOOK1O: Online purchases, downloaded or accessed from websites or apps: e-books, e-magazines/e-newspapers

I_BBOOKO: Online purchases: books/magazines/e-learning material, delivered or upgraded online

I_BFEU: Online purchases: from sellers from other EU countries

I_BFFOR: Online purchases: from sellers abroad (other EU or non EU countries)

I_BFFOR_DWL: Online purchases from sellers abroad: products downloaded or accessed from websites or apps (e.g. films, music, e-books, e-newspapers, games, paid applications)

I_BFFOR_OSV: Online purchases from sellers abroad: other services (e.g. tickets for events received by mail, telecom subscriptions)

I_BFFOR_PGD: Online purchases from sellers abroad: physical goods (e.g. electronics, clothes, toys, food, groceries, books, CDs/DVDs)

I_BFFOR_TRH: Online purchases from sellers abroad: travel, accommodation or holiday arrangements (e.g. tickets and documents by mail or printed by oneself)

I_BFFOR_TRHOSV: Online purchases from sellers abroad: travel, accommodation or holiday arrangements or other services (e.g. tickets for events received by mail, telecom subscriptions)

I_BFILMO: Online purchases: films/music, delivered or upgraded online

I_BFIN: Online purchases: shares/insurance/other financial services

I_BFUNK: Online purchases: from sellers with unknown country of origin

I_BFWRLD: Online purchases: from sellers from the rest of the world (non-EU)

I_BGOOD1O: Online purchases, downloaded or accessed from websites or apps: films/music, e-books, e-magazines/e-newspapers or computer software (incl. computer/video games, software upgrades)

I_BGOOD3O: Online purchases, downloaded or accessed from websites or apps: films/music , e-books, e-magazines/e-newspapers

I_BGOODO: Online purchases: films/music or books/magazines/e-learning material or computer software, delivered or upgraded online

I_BGSOFT: Online purchases: video games software and upgrades

I_BHOLS: Online purchases: travel and holiday accommodation

I_BMGNWO: Online purchases, downloaded or accessed from websites or apps: e-magazines, e-newspapers

I_BOSOFT: Online purchases: computer software other than video games and upgrades

I_BOTA: Online purchases: other travel arrangements (transport tickets, car hire, etc.)

I_BSOFTO: Online purchases: computer software, delivered or upgraded online

I_BUMT12: Last online purchase: more than a year ago

I_IBV_100-499: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 100 and 499 euro (until 2019)

I_IBV_50-99: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 50 and 99 euro (until 2019)

I_IBV_500-999: Online purchases in the last 3 months for between 500 and 999 euro (until 2019)

I_IBV_GE1000: Online purchases in the last 3 months for 1000 euro or more (until 2019)

I_IBV_HI: Online purchases in the last 3 months for 100 euro or more (until 2019)

I_IBV_LT50: Online purchases in the last 3 months for less than 50 euro (until 2019)

PC_IND_BFFOR: Percentage of individuals who purchased online from sellers from other countries (EU or non-EU)

name: Internet purchases by individuals (until 2019)


I_BFIN1: Individuals carried out at least one of the financial activities (i_bfin_sh, i_bfin_in, i_bfin_cr) over the internet

I_BFIN_CR: Individuals took a loan or arranged credit from banks or other financial prividers over the internet

I_BFIN_IN: Individuals bought or renewed existing insurance policies, including those offered as a package together with another service (e.g. travel insurance offered together with a plane ticket) over the internet

I_BFIN_SH: Individuals bought or sold shares, bonds, funds or other investment services over the internet

name: Financial activities over the internet (until 2019)


I_BFIN2: Online purchases (3 months): at least one of the financial activities (I_BFIN_SH1, I_BFIN_IN1, I_BFIN_CR1)

I_BFIN_CR1: Online purchases (3 months): took a loan, mortgage or arranged credit from banks or other financial providers

I_BFIN_IN1: Online purchases (3 months): insurance policies, including travel insurance, also as a package together with e.g. a plane ticket

I_BFIN_SH1: Online purchases (3 months): bought or sold shares, bonds, units in funds or other financial assets

name: Financial activities over the internet (2020 onwards)


RETIR: Retired Individuals

SAL: Employees

SELF_FAM: Self-employed, family workers

I_NBCARD: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because they don't have a payment card

I_NBDNS: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because the foreign retailer did not sell in my country (until 2019)

I_NBEXP: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because it's too expensive

I_NBIDF: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't bought / ordered goods or services over the internet for their own private use, because: Relevant information about goods and services difficult to find on website

I_NBNEC: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because they have no need

I_NBOTH: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because of other reasons (until 2019)

I_NBPRC: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't bought / ordered goods or services over the internet for their own private use, because: Privacy concerns

I_NBPRV: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because of privacy concerns, they are worried about giving personal details over the internet

I_NBPSC: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't bought / ordered goods or services over the internet for their own private use, because: Payment security concerns (until 2019)

I_NBREC: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because of problems receiving the ordered goods at home

I_NBSEC: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because of security concerns, they are worried about giving credit card details over the internet

I_NBSEPR: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because I'm worried about giving credit card or personal details over the internet

I_NBSHAB: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because they prefer to shop in person, they like to see product, loyalty to shops or force of habit (until 2019)

I_NBSKL: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because they lack the necessary skills (until 2019)

I_NBSLOW: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because the speed of the internet connection is too low

I_NBSR: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because of too long delivery times or because of the problematic to receive the ordered goods at home (until 2019)

I_NBTRCM: Individuals who, in the last 12 months, haven't ordered goods or services over the internet, because of trust concerns about receiving or returning goods, complaint / redress concerns (until 2019)

PC_IND_BMT12X: Percentage of individuals who ordered goods or services, over the internet, for private use, more than a year ago or who never did

name: Perceived barriers to buying/ordering over the internet (until 2019)


I_NBCD: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals have concerns about the cost of delivery of goods

I_NBDNS1: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): The foreign retailer did not sell to the country of the individual

I_NBNND: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals had no need to buy on line

I_NBOTH1: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals had other reasons

I_NBPSC1: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals have concerns about payment security or privacy

I_NBSHAB1: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals prefer to shop in person, they like to see product, loyalty to shops or force of habit

I_NBSKL1: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals lack the necessary skills

I_NBSR1: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals have concerns about the reliability or speed of delivery

I_NBTRCM1: Reason for not buying via a website or an app (3 months): Individuals have concerns about returning goods, complaints / reimbursement

PC_IND_BGT3_IU3: Percentage of individuals who used internet and did not purchase online in the last 3 months

name: Internet purchases - perceived barriers (2021 onwards)


I_B0: Individuals who encountered no problems when making purchases over the Internet

I_BARR1X: Individuals who did not encounter problems when buying/ordering goods or services over the internet for private use (as of 2015)

I_BARR1Y: Individuals who encountered problems when buying/ordering goods or services over the internet for private use (2016-2019)

I_BCOM: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Complaints and redress were difficult

I_BCPR: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Delivery costs or final price higher than indicated

I_BCR: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet (until 2019): Complaints and redress were difficult or no satisfactory response received after complaint

I_BDAM: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Damaged goods delivered

I_BDC: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Delivery costs higher than indicated

I_BDGL: Individuals who encountered the following problem when buying/ordering over the Internet (until 2019): difficulties finding information concerning guarantees, other legal rights

I_BDNS: Individuals who encountered the following problem when buying/ordering over the internet: foreign retailer did not sell in my country  (until 2019)

I_BFRA: Individuals who encountered the following problem when buying/ordering over the Internet (until 2019): problems with fraud

I_BGUA: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Difficulties concerning guarantees

I_BOTH: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Other

I_BPRC: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Final price higher than indicated

I_BRES: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: No satisfactory response received after complaint

I_BSEC: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Lack of security of payments

I_BSPD: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet (until 2020): Speed of delivery longer than indicated

I_BTFW: Individuals who encountered the following problem when buying/ordering over the Internet: technical failure (until 2019)

I_BWD: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Wrong or damaged goods delivered

I_BWDN: Individuals who encountered the following problem when buying/ordering over the Internet (until 2019): wrong or damaged good/services delivered

I_BWRG: Individuals who encountered the following problem when making purchases over the Internet: Wrong goods delivered

name: Problems encountered by individuals when buying/ordering over the internet (until 2019)


I_BARR2X: Individuals who did not encounter problems when buying via a website or an app (3 months) for private use

I_BARR2Y: Individuals who encountered problems when buying via a website or an app (3 months) for private use

I_BCPR1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Final costs higher than indicated

I_BCR1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Complaints and redress were difficult or no satisfactory response after complaint

I_BDGL1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): difficulties finding information concerning guarantees, other legal rights

I_BDNS1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Foreign retailer did not sell in my country

I_BFRA1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Problems with fraud

I_BOTH2: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Other

I_BSPD1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Speed of delivery slower than indicated

I_BTFW1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Website too difficult to use or worked unsatisfactorily

I_BWDN1: Problem encountered by individuals when buying via a website or an app (3 months): Wrong or damaged good/services delivered

name: Internet purchases - problems encountered (2021 onwards)


nace_r2: Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community (NACE Rev. 2)

size_emp: Size classes in number of persons employed

E_AWSEU_DANY: Difficulties for web sales to other EU countries - any (of high costs, complaints, labelling, languages, business partners restrictions)

E_AWSEU_DAPL: Difficulties for web sales to other EU countries - adapting product labelling

E_AWSEU_DBP: Difficulties for web sales to other EU countries - restrictions from business partners

E_AWSEU_DFL: Difficulties for web sales to other EU countries - lack of knowledge of foreign languages

E_AWSEU_DHCD: Difficulties for web sales to other EU countries - high costs of delivering or returning products

E_AWSEU_DNONE: Difficulties for web sales to other EU countries - none (of high costs, complaints, labelling, languages, business partners restrictions)

E_AWSEU_DRCD: Difficulties for web sales to other EU countries - related to resolving complaints and disputes

E_AWSEU_DVAT: Difficulties when selling to other EU countries - related to the VAT system in EU countries

E_AWSX_OCOST: The costs of introducing web sales too high compared to the benefits - enterprises not selling via website

E_AWSX_OLF: Problems related to the legal framework - enterprises not selling via website

E_AWSX_OLOG: Problems related to logistics (shipping of goods or delivery of services) - enterprises not selling via website

E_AWSX_OPAY: Problems related to payments - enterprises not selling via website

E_AWSX_OSEC: Problems related to ICT security or data protection - enterprises not selling via website

E_AWSX_OSUIT: The enterprise's goods or services are not suitable - enterprises not selling via website

E_AWS_OCOST: The costs of introducing web sales too high compared to the benefits - enterprises selling via website

E_AWS_OLF: Problems related to the legal framework - enterprises selling via website

E_AWS_OLOG: Problems related to logistics (shipping of goods or delivery of services) - enterprises selling via website

E_AWS_OPAY: Problems related to payments - enterprises selling via website

E_AWS_OSEC: Problems related to ICT security or data protection - enterprises selling via website

E_AWS_OSUIT: The enterprise's goods or services are not suitable - enterprises selling via website

C10-S951_X_K: All activities (except agriculture, forestry and fishing, and mining and quarrying), without financial sector

From 0 to 9 persons employed

From 0 to 1 person employed

From 1 to 4 persons employed

From 1 to 9 persons employed

From 10 to 249 persons employed

From 10 to 49 persons employed

From 2 to 9 persons employed

From 5 to 9 persons employed

From 50 to 249 persons employed

GE10: 10 persons employed or more

GE250: 250 persons employed or more

PC_ENT: Percentage of enterprises

PC_ENT_AWSELLX: Percentage of enterprises without web sales

PC_ENT_AWSEU: Percentage of enterprises with web sales to other EU countries

PC_ENT_IUSE: Percentage of enterprises where persons employed have access to the internet

name: Obstacles for web sales by size class of enterprise


Obstacles for web sales

n: not significant

sizen_r2: Enterprise size and Nace Rev. 2

DE: Germany (until 1990 former territory of the FRG)

10_C10_12: Manufacture of beverages, food and tobacco products (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C10_18: Manufacture of products based on: food, beverages, tobacco, textile, leather, wood, pulp and paper; publishing and printing (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C10_33: Manufacturing (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C10_S951_XK: All enterprises, without financial sector (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C13_15: Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel, leather and related products (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C16_18: Manufacture of wood, paper, printing and reproduction (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C19: Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C19_23: Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum, chemical & basic pharmaceutical products, rubber & plastics, other non-metallic mineral products (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C20: Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C21: Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C22_23: Manufacture of rubber and plastics products, and other non-metallic mineral products (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C24_25: Manufacture of basic metals & fabricated metal products excluding machines & equipments (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C26: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C26_33: Manufacture of computers, electric & optical products, electrical equipment, machinery & equipment n.e.c, motor vehicles, other transport equipment, furniture, other manufacturing, repair & installation of machinery & equipment (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C27: Manufacture of electrical equipment (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C27_28: Manufacture of electrical equipment, machinery and equipment n.e.c. (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C28: Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C29_30: Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, other transport equipment (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_C31_33: Manufacture of furniture; jewellery, musical instruments, toys; repair and installation of machinery and equipment (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_D35: Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_D35_E39: Electricity, gas, steam, air conditioning and water supply (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_E36_39: Water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_F41_43: Construction (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_G45: Trade of motor vehicles and motorcycles (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_G45_47: Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_G46: Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_G47: Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_H49_53: Transportation and storage (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_I55: Accommodation (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_I55_56: Accommodation and Food and beverage service activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_ICT_T: ICT sector (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_J58_60: Publishing activities; motion picture, video & television programme production, sound recording & music publishing; programming & broadcasting (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_J58_63: Information and communication (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_J61: Telecommunications (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_J62_63: Computer programming, consultancy and related activities, information service activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_L68: Real estate activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_M69_71: Legal, accounting, management, architecture, engineering, technical testing and analysis activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_M69_74: Professional, scientific and technical activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_M69_75: Professional, scientific and technical service activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_M72: Scientific research and development (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_M73_75: Other professional, scientific and technical activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_N77_82: Rental and leasing activities,Employment, travel agency, security and investigation, service and landscape, office administrative and support activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_N77_82_X79: Activities for rental and leasing, employment, security & investigation , services to buildings &landscape, office administrative, office support & other business support (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_N79: Travel agency; tour operator reservation service and related activities (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

10_S951: Repair of computers and communication equipment (10 or more employees and self-employed persons)

L_C10_S951_XK: Large enterprises (250 employees and self-employed persons or more), without financial sector

M01_C10_S951_XK: Micro enterprises (0-1 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

M09_C10_S951_XK: Very small enterprises (0-9 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

M29_C10_S951_XK: Mini enterprises (2-9 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

MC_C10_S951_XK: Micro enterprises (1-4 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

MI_C10_S951_XK: Mini enterprises (5-9 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

M_C10_S951_XK: Medium enterprises (50-249 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

SM_C10_S951_XK: SMEs (10-249 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

S_C10_S951_XK: Small enterprises (10-49 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

VS_C10_S951_XK: Very small enterprises (1-9 employees and self-employed persons), without financial sector

PC_ENT_AWSELL: Percentage of enterprises with web sales


C: Manufacturing

C-E: Manufacturing, electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning; water supply, sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

C-F: Manufacturing, electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; water supply and construction

C10-C12: Manufacture of food products; beverages and tobacco products

C10-C18: Manufacture of products based on: food, beverages, tobacco, textile, leather, wood, pulp and paper; publishing and printing

C13-C15: Manufacture of textiles, wearing apparel, leather and related products

C16-C18: Manufacture of wood, paper, printing and reproduction

C19: Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products

C19-C23: Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum, chemical and basic pharmaceutical products, rubber and plastics, other non-metallic mineral products

C20: Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products

C21: Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations

C22_C23: Manufacture of rubber and plastic products and other non-metallic mineral products

C24_C25: Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

C26: Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products

C26-C33: Manufacture of computers, electric and optical products, electrical equipment, machinery and equipment n.e.c, motor vehicles, other transport equipment, furniture, other manufacturing, repair and installation of machinery and equipment

C27: Manufacture of electrical equipment

C27_C28: Manufacture of electrical equipment, machinery and equipment n.e.c.

C28: Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c.

C29_C30: Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers, semi-trailers and of other transport equipment

C31-C33: Manufacture of furniture; jewellery, musical instruments, toys; repair and installation of machinery and equipment

D_E: Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply; water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

E: Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities

F: Construction

G: Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

G45: Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles

G45-S951_X_K: Services, without financial sector

G46: Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles

G47: Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles

[H] Transportation and storage

I: Accommodation and food service activities

I55: Accommodation

ICT: Information and Communication Technology - Total

J: Information and communication

J58-J60: Publishing, motion picture, video, television programme production; sound recording, programming and broadcasting activities

J61: Telecommunications

J62_J63: Computer programming, consultancy, and information service activities

L68: Real estate activities

L_M: Real estate activities; professional, scientific and technical activities

M: Professional, scientific and technical activities

M69-M74: Legal and accounting activities; activities of head offices; management consultancy activities; architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis; scientific research and development; advertising and market research; other professional, scientific and technical activities

M72: Scientific research and development

M73-M75: Advertising and market research; other professional, scientific and technical activities; veterinary activities

N: Administrative and support service activities

N77-N82_X_N79: Activities for rental and leasing, employment, security and investigation, services to buildings and landscape, office administrative, office support and other business support

N79: Travel agency, tour operator and other reservation service and related activities

S951: Repair of computers and communication equipment

name: Obstacles for web sales by NACE Rev.2 activity


Y16_19: Individuals, 16 to 19 years old

Y16_29: Individuals, 16 to 29 years old

Y20_24: Individuals, 20 to 24 years old

Y25_29: Individuals, 25 to 29 years old

I_ECO_DLTDIS: Old laptop or tablet: thrown away (not in electronic waste collection or recycling centre)

I_ECO_DLTSLD: Old laptop or tablet: sold or given away

I_ECO_DLTUSE: Old laptop or tablet: never bought or still in use

I_ECO_DMOBDIS: Old mobile or smartphone: thrown away (not in electronic waste collection or recycling centre)

I_ECO_DMOBKPT: Old mobile or smartphone: kept in household

I_ECO_DMOBSLD: Old mobile or smartphone: sold or given away

I_ECO_DMOBUSE: Old mobile or smartphone: never bought or still in use

I_ECO_DPCDIS: Old desktop computer: thrown away (not in electronic waste collection or recycling centre)

I_ECO_DPCSLD: Old desktop computer: sold or given away

I_ECO_DPCUSE: Old desktop computer: never bought or still in use

name: Destination of ICT devices no longer in use


I_ECO_PBX: Device purchase: have never bought a mobile, smartphone, tablet or desktop computer

I_ECO_PECD: Device purchase: eco-design considered important

I_ECO_PEE: Device purchase: energy efficiency considered important

I_ECO_PEG: Device purchase: possiblity of extending the life span considered important

I_ECO_PHD: Device purchase: hard drive or processor speed considered important

I_ECO_PP: Device purchase: price considered important

I_ECO_PTBS: Device purchase: take-back-scheme by manufacturer or seller considered important

I_ECO_PX: Device purchase: none of these characteristics considered important

name: Important characteristics when buying ICT devices


Use of electronic identification (eID)

I_IEID: Individuals who have used their eID to access online services for private purpose in the last 12 months

I_IEIDBS: Individuals who have used their eID to access services provided by business sector in the last 12 months

I_IEIDBSNE: Access via eID to services provided by business sector does not exist in the Member State

I_IEIDEC: Individuals who have used their eID to access services provided by public authorities or public services of other European countries in the last 12 months

I_IEIDECNE: Access via eID to services provided by public authorities or public services of other European countries does not exist in the Member State

I_IEIDOC: Individuals who have used their eID to access services provided by public authorities or public services of their country in the last 12 months

I_IREIDDEV: Individuals not using their eID in the last 12 months because they could not use it to access the service via a smartphone or tablet

I_IREIDNA: Individuals not using their eID in the last 12 months because they were not aware of its existence

I_IREIDNN: Individuals not using their eID in the last 12 months because they didn’t need to access any online services requiring it

I_IREIDNO: Individuals not using their eID in the last 12 months because they didn’t have one

I_IREIDOTH: Individuals not using their eID in the last 12 months because of other reasons

I_IREIDSEC: Individuals not using their eID in the last 12 months because they didn’t feel safe using it

I_IREIDTEC: Individuals not using their eID in the last 12 months because they could not use it due to usability/technical issues

PC_IND_IEID: Percentage of individuals who have used their electronic identification to access online services for private purpose in the last 12 months


geo: Geopolitical entity (declaring)

nace_r1: Classification of economic activities - NACE Rev.1.1

CZ: Czech Republic

DE: Germany (including  former GDR from 1991)

DL30: Manufacture of office machinery and computers

DL313: Manufacture of insulated wire and cable

DL32: Manufacture of radio, television and communication equipment and apparatus

DL332: Manufacture of instruments and appliances for measuring, checking, testing, navigating and other purposes, except industrial process control equipment

DL333: Manufacture of industrial process control equipment

I642: Telecommunications

K72: Computer and related activities

name: R&D personnel in ICT sector as % of total R&D personnel by NACE Rev. 1.1 activity


bc: break in time series, confidential

bd: break in time series, definition differs (see metadata)

cd: confidential, definition differs (see metadata)

d: definition differs (see metadata)

p: provisional

dimensions_codes_order: freq unit nace_r2 geo

CN_X_HK: China except Hong Kong

JP: Japan

KR: South Korea

RU: Russia

US: United States

C261: Manufacture of electronic components and boards

C262: Manufacture of computers and peripheral equipment

C263: Manufacture of communication equipment

C264: Manufacture of consumer electronics

C268: Manufacture of magnetic and optical media

C_ICT: ICT manufacturing

G-U_ICT: ICT services

G465: Wholesale of information and communication equipment

J582: Software publishing

J62: Computer programming, consultancy and related activities

J631: Data processing, hosting and related activities; web portals

PC: Percentage

name: R&D personnel in ICT sector as % of total R&D personnel by NACE Rev. 2 activity


Internet of Things - barriers to use

I_IOT_BCPP: Reason for not using IOT: concerns about the privacy and protection of personal data generated by those devices or systems

I_IOT_BCSC: Reason for not using IOT: concerns about security

I_IOT_BCSH: Reason for not using IOT: concerns about safety or health

I_IOT_BCST: Reason for not using IOT: costs too high

I_IOT_BDK: Reason for not using IOT: didn't know such devices or systems exist

I_IOT_BLC: Reason for not using IOT: lack of compatibility with other devices or systems

I_IOT_BLSK: Reason for not using IOT: lack of skills to use those devices or systems

I_IOT_BNN: Reason for not using IOT: no need to use those connected devices or systems

I_IOT_PDU: IoT use: for private purposes - encountered difficulties in using the device

I_IOT_POTH: IoT use: for private purposes - encountered other problems

I_IOT_PSEC: IoT use: for private purposes - encountered security or privacy problems

I_IOT_PSHE: IoT use: for private purposes - encountered safety or health problems

I_IOT_PX: IoT use: for private purposes - encountered no problems

PC_IND_IOT_BDKX: Percentage of individuals who have not used any internet-connected device or systems although they knew about them

PC_IND_IOT_DX: Percentage of individuals who have not used any internet-connected devices or systems


Internet of Things - use

I_IOT_DCAR: Individuals used a car with built-in wireless internet connection

I_IOT_DCS: Individuals used a smart watch, a fitness band, connected goggles or headsets, safety-trackers, internet-connected accessories, internet-connected clothes or shoes

I_IOT_DEM: Individuals used internet-connected thermostat, utility meters, lights, plug-ins or other internet-connected solutions for energy management for their home

I_IOT_DHA: Individuals used internet-connected home appliances such as robot vacuums, fridges, ovens, coffee machines

I_IOT_DHE: Individuals used internet-connected devices for monitoring blood pressure, sugar level, body weight or other internet-connected devices for health and medical care

I_IOT_DSEC: Individuals used internet-connected home alarm system, smoke detector, security cameras, door locks or other internet-connected security/safety solutions for their home

I_IOT_DTOY: Individuals used toys connected to the internet, such as robot toys (including educational) or dolls

I_IOT_DVA: Individuals used a virtual assistant in the form of a smart speaker or of an app

I_IOT_DX: Individuals have not used any of the internet-connected devices or systems (I_IOT_DEM, I_IOT_DSEC, I_IOT_DHA, I_IOT_DVA)

I_IOT_IUANY: Individuals used the internet on an internet-connected TV, game console, home audio system, smart speakers

I_IOT_IUGC: Individuals used the internet on an internet-connected game console

I_IOT_IUHA: Individuals used the internet on an internet-connected home audio system, smart speakers

I_IOT_IUTV: Individuals used the internet on an internet-connected TV in their home for private purposes


I_MCEW: Individuals used other computerized equipment or machinery such as those used in production lines, transportation or other services at work

I_MCW: Individuals used computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets or other portable devices at work

I_MCWA_ATI: Individuals used applications to receive tasks or instructions in their work

I_MCWA_ED: Individuals created or edited electronic documents in their work

I_MCWA_EMDB: Individuals exchanged emails or entered data in databases in their work

I_MCWA_IT: Individuals developped or maintained IT systems or software in their work

I_MCWA_OSS: Individuals used occupational specific software in their work

I_MCWA_SMW: Individuals used social media for their work

I_MDW: Individuals used computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, other portable devices or other computerized equipment or machinery such as those used in production lines, transportation or other services at work

PC_IND_ILT12_SSF: Percentage of employees and self-employed who used internet within the last year

PC_IND_MDW: Percentage of individuals who, at work, use any type of computers, portable devices or computerised equipment or machinery

name: Use of ICT at work and activities performed


I_WHDAY: Individuals worked from home every day or almost every day

I_WHI: Individuals used the internet for the job when working from home

I_WHLTWK: Individuals worked from home less than once a week

I_WHWK: Individuals worked from home at least once a week (but not every day)

I_WMDAY: Individuals worked at an external site or on the move every day or almost every day

I_WMLTWK: Individuals worked at an external site or on the move less than once a week

I_WMMC: Individuals used laptops, smartphones, tables or other portable devices for the job when working at an external site or on the move

I_WMWK: Individuals worked at an external site or on the move at least once a week (but not every day)

PC_IND_WH: Percentage of individuals working from home

PC_IND_WM: Percentage of individuals working at an external site or on the move

name: Work from home, from an external site or on the move


Impact of ICT on tasks and skills

I_MDW_ANSD: Time spent on acquiring new skills needed for work has decreased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_ANSI: Time spent on acquiring new skills needed for work has increased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_ANSNC: Time spent on acquiring new skills needed for work has not changed because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_ECD: Ease of collaboration with colleagues or business partners has decreased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_ECI: Ease of collaboration with colleagues or business partners has increased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_ECNC: Ease of collaboration with colleagues or business partners has not changed because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_INDD: Independence in organising the tasks has decreased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_INDI: Independence in organising the tasks has increased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_INDNC: Independence in organising the tasks has not changed because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_INV: Individuals were involved in choosing, modifying or testing the software or computerised equipment used at work

I_MDW_IWHD: The amount of irregular working hours has decreased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_IWHI: The amount of irregular working hours has increased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_IWHNC: The amount of irregular working hours has not changed because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_JTC: Individual's main job tasks changed as a result of the introduction of new software or computerised equipment

I_MDW_LRN: Individuals had to learn how to use new software or computerised equipment for the job

I_MDW_MPD: Monitoring of my performance at work has decreased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_MPI: Monitoring of my performance at work has increased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_MPNC: Monitoring of my performance at work has not changed because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_RTD: Time spent on repetitive tasks has decreased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_RTI: Time spent on repetitive tasks has increased because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_RTNC: Time spent on repetitive tasks has not changed because of the use of computers, laptops, smartphones or other computerised equipment at work

I_MDW_SKLHI: Individuals had the skills to cope with more demanding duties related to the use of computers, software or applications at work

I_MDW_SKLLO: Individuals needed further training to cope well with the duties relating to the use of computers, software or applications at work

I_MDW_SKLME: Individuals' skills correspond well to the duties related to the use of computers, software or applications at work


dimensions_codes_order: freq indic_is unit hhtyp geo

hhtyp: Type of household

A1: Single person

A1_DCH: Single person with dependent children

A2: Two adults

A2_DCH: Two adults with dependent children

ALL_DCH: All types with dependent children

ALL_NDCH: All types without dependent children

A_GE3: Three or more adults

A_GE3_DCH: Three or more adults with dependent children

HHI_Q1: Number of households with income in first quartile

HHI_Q2: Number of households with income in second quartile

HHI_Q3: Number of households with income in third quartile

HHI_Q4: Number of households with income in fourth quartile

HH_DEG1: Households located in cities

HH_DEG2: Households located in towns and suburbs

HH_DEG3: Households located in rural areas

HH_NO1: Households in not Objective 1 regions / "Regional Competitiveness and Employment" Region

HH_O1: Households in Objective 1 regions / "Convergence" regions

TOTAL: Total

H_XACC: Households without access to internet at home, because the access costs are too high (telephone, etc.)

H_XBBNA: Households without access to the internet at home, because broadband is not available in the area

H_XCOST: Households without access to internet at home, because the access and equipment costs are too high

H_XDIS: Households without access to internet at home, because of a physical disability

H_XELSE: Households without access to internet at home, because of access elsewhere

H_XEQU: Households without access to internet at home, because the equipment costs are too high

H_XNEED: Households without access to internet at home, because access not needed (content is not useful, not interesting, etc.)

H_XOTH: Households without access to internet at home, because of other reasons

H_XSEC: Households without access to internet at home, because of privacy or security concerns

H_XSKL: Households without access to internet at home, because of lack of skills

H_XWANT: Households without access to internet at home, because access not wanted (content is harmful, etc.)

PC_HH: Percentage of households

PC_HH_BROADX: Percentage of households without broadband access

PC_HH_IACCX: Percentage of households without internet access at home

name: Households - reasons for not having internet access at home


dimensions_codes_order: freq indic_is unit geo

AT1: Ostösterreich

AT11: Burgenland

AT12: Niederösterreich

AT13: Wien

AT2: Südösterreich

AT21: Kärnten

AT22: Steiermark

AT3: Westösterreich

AT31: Oberösterreich

AT32: Salzburg

AT33: Tirol

AT34: Vorarlberg

BE1: Région de Bruxelles-Capitale/Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest

BE2: Vlaams Gewest

BE21: Prov. Antwerpen

BE22: Prov. Limburg (BE)

BE23: Prov. Oost-Vlaanderen

BE24: Prov. Vlaams-Brabant

BE25: Prov. West-Vlaanderen

BE3: Région wallonne

BE31: Prov. Brabant wallon

BE32: Prov. Hainaut

BE33: Prov. Liège

BE34: Prov. Luxembourg (BE)

BE35: Prov. Namur

BG3: Severna i Yugoiztochna Bulgaria

BG31: Severozapaden

BG32: Severen tsentralen

BG33: Severoiztochen

BG34: Yugoiztochen

BG4: Yugozapadna i Yuzhna tsentralna Bulgaria

BG41: Yugozapaden

BG42: Yuzhen tsentralen

CH0: Schweiz/Suisse/Svizzera

CH01: Région lémanique

CH02: Espace Mittelland

CH03: Nordwestschweiz

CH04: Zürich

CH05: Ostschweiz

CH06: Zentralschweiz

CH07: Ticino

CY0: Kýpros

CY00: Kýpros

CZ0: Česko

CZ01: Praha

CZ02: Střední Čechy

CZ03: Jihozápad

CZ04: Severozápad

CZ05: Severovýchod

CZ06: Jihovýchod

CZ07: Střední Morava

CZ08: Moravskoslezsko

DE1: Baden-Württemberg

DE2: Bayern

DE3: Berlin

DE4: Brandenburg

DE5: Bremen

DE6: Hamburg

DE7: Hessen

DE8: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

DE9: Niedersachsen

DEA: Nordrhein-Westfalen

DEB: Rheinland-Pfalz

DEC: Saarland

DED: Sachsen

DEE: Sachsen-Anhalt

DEF: Schleswig-Holstein

DEG: Thüringen

DK0: Danmark

DK01: Hovedstaden

DK02: Sjælland

DK03: Syddanmark

DK04: Midtjylland

DK05: Nordjylland

EE0: Eesti

EE00: Eesti

EL1: Voreia Ellada (NUTS 2010)

EL2: Kentriki Ellada (NUTS 2010)

EL3: Attiki

EL4: Nisia Aigaiou, Kriti

FRY: RUP FR — Régions Ultrapériphériques Françaises

NO01: Oslo og Akershus (statistical region 2016)

NO04: Agder og Rogaland (statistical region 2016)

PT17: Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (NUTS 2021)

name: Individuals who ordered goods or services over the internet for private use


Households with broadband access

dimensions_codes_order: freq unit geo

BE10: Région de Bruxelles-Capitale/Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest

EL5: Voreia Elláda

PC_HH_IACC: Percentage of households with internet access at home


ES1: Noroeste

ES11: Galicia

ES12: Principado de Asturias

ES13: Cantabria

ES2: Noreste

ES21: País Vasco

ES22: Comunidad Foral de Navarra

ES23: La Rioja

ES24: Aragón

ES3: Comunidad de Madrid

ES30: Comunidad de Madrid

ES4: Centro (ES)

ES41: Castilla y León

ES42: Castilla-La Mancha

ES43: Extremadura

ES5: Este

ES51: Cataluña

ES52: Comunitat Valenciana

ES53: Illes Balears

ES6: Sur

ES61: Andalucía

ES62: Región de Murcia

ES63: Ciudad de Ceuta

ES64: Ciudad de Melilla

ES7: Canarias

ES70: Canarias

HR0: Hrvatska

HR02: Panonska Hrvatska

HR03: Jadranska Hrvatska

HR05: Grad Zagreb

HR06: Sjeverna Hrvatska

HU1: Közép-Magyarország

HU11: Budapest

HU12: Pest

HU2: Dunántúl

HU21: Közép-Dunántúl

HU22: Nyugat-Dunántúl

HU23: Dél-Dunántúl

HU3: Alföld és Észak

HU31: Észak-Magyarország

HU32: Észak-Alföld

HU33: Dél-Alföld

LT0: Lietuva

LT01: Sostinės regionas

LT02: Vidurio ir vakarų Lietuvos regionas

P_IUSE: Persons employed have access to the internet for business purposes

name: Use of computers and the internet by employees, by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


E_IUSE: Enterprises where persons employed have access to the internet

E_IUSE_GE10A: Enterprises where at least 10 persons employed have access to the internet for business purposes

E_IUSE_GT10: Enterprises where more than 10% of the persons employed have access to the internet for business purposes

E_IUSE_GT50: Enterprises where more than 50% of the persons employed have access to the internet for business purposes

name: Internet access by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


E_FIXBB: Enterprises use DSL or other fixed broadband connection (as of 2014)

E_ISPDF1_30_100: The maximum contracted download speed of the fastest fixed line internet connection is at least 30 Mb/s but less than 100 Mb/s

E_ISPDF_100_500: The maximum contracted download speed of the fastest fixed line internet connection is at least 100 Mb/s but less than 500 Mb/s

E_ISPDF_500_1G: The maximum contracted download speed of the fastest fixed line internet connection is at least 500 Mb/s but less than 1 Gb/s

E_ISPDF_GE1G: The maximum contracted download speed of the fastest fixed line internet connection is at least 1 Gb/s

E_ISPDF_LT30: The maximum contracted download speed of the fastest fixed line internet connection is less than 30 Mb/s

PC_ENT_FIXBB: Percentage of enterprises using a fixed broadband connection

name: Type of connections to the internet by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


E_CC: Buy cloud computing services used over the internet

E_CCX: Don't buy CC services used over the internet

name: Cloud computing services by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


EL6: Kentriki Elláda

name: Individuals who have never used a computer


NO0: Norge

NO02: Innlandet

NO06: Trøndelag

NO07: Nord-Norge

NO08: Oslo og Viken

NO09: Agder og Sør-Østlandet

NO0A: Vestlandet

E_AI_CC: Enterprises use AI technologies and buy any cloud computing services used over the internet

E_AI_TANY: Enterprises use at least one of the AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_AI_TAR: Enterprises use AI technologies enabling physical movement of machines via autonomous decisions based on observation of surroundings (autonomous robots, self-driving vehicles, autonomous drones)

E_AI_TGE2: Enterprises use at least two of the AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_AI_TGE3: Enterprises use at least three of the  AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

E_AI_TIR: Enterprises use AI technologies identifying objects or persons based on images (image recognition, image processing)

E_AI_TML: Enterprises use machine learning (e.g. deep learning) for data analysis

E_AI_TNLG: Enterprises use AI technologies generating written or spoken language (natural language generation)

E_AI_TPA: Enterprises use AI technologies automating different workflows or assisting in decision making (AI based software robotic process automation)

E_AI_TSR: Enterprises use AI technologies converting spoken language into machine-readable format (speech recognition)

E_AI_TTM: Enterprises use AI technologies performing analysis of written language (text mining)

E_AI_TX: Enterprises don't use any of the AI technologies: AI_TTM, AI_TSR, AI_TNLG, AI_TIR, AI_TML, AI_TPA, AI_TAR

name: Artificial intelligence by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


E_DAOWN: Enterprises where data analytics for the enterprise is performed by own employees

name: Data analytics by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


E_INV4S_AP: Enterprises sending eInvoices, suitable for automated processing

E_INV4S_EMP: Enterprises sending eInvoices, not suitable for automated processing

name: Integration with customers/suppliers, supply chain management by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


E_BSANY: Enterprises using any business software (any of ERP, CRM, BI)

E_CRM1: Enterprises using Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software (as of 2023)

E_ERP1: Enterprises who have ERP software package to share information between different functional areas

E_ITBI: Enterprises using Business Intelligence (BI) software

name: Integration of internal processes by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


E_AWSELL: Enterprises with web sales (via websites, apps or marketplaces)

name: E-commerce sales of enterprises by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


name: Value of e-commerce sales by NACE Rev.2 activity and NUTS 2 region


I_IGOV12RT: Internet use: submitting completed forms (last 12 months)

I_IUGOV12: Internet use: interaction with public authorities (last 12 months)

name: Individuals who used the internet for interaction with public authorities


name: Households with access to the internet at home


name: Individuals who accessed the internet away from home or work


I_ILT12: Last internet use: in the last 12 months

I_IUCPP: Internet use: civic or political participation

I_IUSE: Frequency of internet access: once a week (including every day)

I_IUSNET: Internet use: participating in social networks (creating user profile, posting messages or other contributions to facebook, twitter, etc.)

name: Individuals who used the internet, frequency of use and activities


I_C0: Individuals who have not done any of the mentioned computer activities

I_CANY: Individuals who have done at least one computer activity

I_CCONF: Individuals who changed the settings of any software, including operational system or security programs (until 2019)

I_CCPPS: Individuals who have used copy or cut and paste tools to duplicate or move information on screen

I_CCPY: Individuals who have copied or moved a file or folder

I_CEPVA: Individuals who used software to edit photos, video or audio files (until 2019)

I_CGCONF: Individuals who have modified or verified the configuration parameters of software applications (except internet browsers) (until 2019)

I_CINS: Individuals who have connected and installed new devices, eg a printer or a modem

I_CINSAPP: Individuals who installed software or applications (apps) (until 2019)

I_CINSOS: Individuals who have installed a new or replaced an old operating system

I_CISK_SFCOMNA: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills to be sufficient to communicate with relatives, friends, colleagues over the internet: not applicable

I_CISK_SFCOMX: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills not to be sufficient to communicate with relatives, friends, colleagues over the internet

I_CISK_SFJOBNA: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills to be sufficient if they were to look for a job or change job within a year: not applicable

I_CISK_SFJOBX: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills not to be sufficient if they were to look for a job or change job within a year

I_CISK_SFPRINA: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills to be sufficient to protect their personal data: not applicable

I_CISK_SFPRIX: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills not to be sufficient to protect their personal data

I_CISK_SFVIRNA: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills to be sufficient to protect their private computer from virus or other computer infection: not applicable

I_CISK_SFVIRX: Individuals who judge their current computer or internet skills not to be sufficient to protect their private computer from virus or other computer infection

I_CLAN_HI: Individuals who have connected computers to a local area network and carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_CMS: Individuals who have used a mouse to launch programs such as an internet browser or word processor

I_CNO: Individuals who have never used a computer or have not done any of the listed computer activities

I_CPRES: Individuals who have created electronic presentations with presentation software (e.g. slides), including e.g. images, sound, video or charts (until 2019)

I_CPRES1: Individuals who have created presentations or documents integrating text, pictures, tables or charts (until 2019)

I_CPRG: Individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language

I_CPRG1: Individuals who have written code in a programming language (2015-2019)

I_CSKSF: Individuals who judge their computer skills to be sufficient if they were to look for a job or change jobs within a year

I_CSKSFX: Individuals who judge their computer skills to be insufficient if they were to look for a job or change jobs within a year

I_CSK_HI: Individuals who have carried out 5 or 6 of the 6 computer related activities

I_CSK_LO: Individuals who have carried out 1 or 2 of the 6 computer related activities

I_CSK_ME: Individuals who have carried out 3 or 4 of the 6 computer related activities

I_CSOLV: Individuals who have detected and solved computer problems (e.g. computer runs slowly)

I_CSOLV_HI: Individuals who have detected and solved computer problems and carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_CSUM: Individuals who have used basic arithmetic formulae to add, subtract, multiply or divide figures in a spreadsheet

I_CWRD: Individuals who used word processing software

I_CXFER: Individuals who have transferred files between computer and other devices (until 2019)

I_CXLS: Individuals who used spreadsheet software (until 2019)

I_CXLSADV: Individuals who used spreadsheet's advanced functions to organise and analyse data, such as sorting, filtering, using formulas, creating charts (until 2019)

PC_IND_CEVR: Percentage of individuals who used a computer, ever

PC_IND_CIANY: Percentage of individuals who have done at least one of the listed computer or internet activities

name: Individuals' level of computer skills (until 2019)


I_CCONF1: Individuals who changed the settings of software, app or device (3 months)

I_CEPVA1: Individuals who edited photos, video or audio files (3 months)

I_CINSAPP1: Individuals who downloaded or installed software or apps (3 months)

I_CPRES2: Individuals who have created files integrating elements such as text, pictures, tables, charts, animations or sound (3 months)

I_CPRG2: Individuals who have written code in a programming language (3 months)

I_CWRD1: Individuals who used word processing software (3 months)

I_CXFER1: Individuals who have copied or moved files between folders, devices or on the cloud (3 months)

I_CXLS1: Individuals who used spreadsheet software (3 months)

I_CXLSADV1: Individuals who used advanced features of spreadsheet software to organise, analyse, structure or modify data (3 months)

name: Individuals' level of computer skills (2021 onwards)


I_DSK_AB: Individuals who have above basic overall digital skills

I_DSK_B: Individuals who have basic overall digital skills

I_DSK_BAB: Individuals who have basic or above basic overall digital skills

I_DSK_C_AB: Individuals who have above basic communication skills

I_DSK_C_B: Individuals who have basic communication skills

I_DSK_I_AB: Individuals who have above basic information skills

I_DSK_I_B: Individuals who have basic information skills

I_DSK_L: Individuals who have low overall digital skills

I_DSK_NA: The digital skills could not be assessed because individuals have not used the internet in the last 3 months

I_DSK_PS_AB: Individuals who have above basic problem solving skills

I_DSK_PS_B: Individuals who have basic problem solving skills

I_DSK_S_AB: Individuals who have above basic software skills

I_DSK_S_B: Individuals who have basic software skills

I_DSK_X: Individuals who have no overall digital skills

name: Individuals' level of digital skills (until 2019)


FAM: Family and relatives

SELF_NS: Self-employed persons without employees

I_DSK2_AB: Individuals with above basic overall digital skills (all five component indicators are at above basic level)

I_DSK2_B: Individuals with basic overall digital skills (all five component indicators are at basic or above basic level, without being all above basic)

I_DSK2_BAB: Individuals with basic or above basic overall digital skills (all five component indicators are at basic or above basic level)

I_DSK2_CC_AB: Individuals with above basic communication and collaboration skills

I_DSK2_CC_B: Individuals with basic communication and collaboration skills

I_DSK2_CC_BAB: Individuals with basic or above basic communication and collaboration skills

I_DSK2_DCC_AB: Individuals with above basic digital content creation skills

I_DSK2_DCC_B: Individuals with basic digital content creation skills

I_DSK2_DCC_BAB: Individuals with basic or above basic digital content creation skills

I_DSK2_IC_S: Individuals with online information and communication skills

I_DSK2_IL_AB: Individuals with above basic information and data literacy skills

I_DSK2_IL_B: Individuals with basic information and data literacy skills

I_DSK2_IL_BAB: Individuals with basic or above basic information and data literacy skills

I_DSK2_LM: Individuals with limited overall digital skills (two out of five component indicators are at basic or above basic level)

I_DSK2_LW: Individuals with low overall digital skills (four out of five component indicators are at basic or above basic level)

I_DSK2_N: Individuals with narrow overall digital skills (three out of five component indicators are at basic or above basic level)

I_DSK2_NA: Digital skills could not be assessed because the individual has not used the internet in the last 3 months

I_DSK2_PS_AB: Individuals with above basic problem solving skills

I_DSK2_PS_B: Individuals with basic problem solving skills

I_DSK2_PS_BAB: Individuals with basic or above basic problem solving skills

I_DSK2_SF_AB: Individuals with above basic safety skills

I_DSK2_SF_BAB: Individuals with basic or above basic safety skills

I_DSK2_X: Individuals with no overall digital skills

name: Individuals' level of digital skills (from 2021 onwards)


I_TIC: Individuals have checked the truthfulness of the information or content they found on the internet news sites or social media (3 months)

I_TIC2: Individuals have checked the truthfulness of the information or content found on the internet (3 months) by using the following methods: I_TICCSFOI, I_TICIDIS or I_TICNIDIS

I_TICCSFOI: Individuals have checked the truthfulness of the information or content found on the internet by checking the sources or finding other information on the internet (3 months)

I_TICIDIS: Individuals have checked the truthfulness of the information or content found on the internet by following or taking part in discussion on internet  regarding the information (3 months)

I_TICNIDIS: Individuals have checked the truthfulness of the information or content found on the internet by discussing the information offline with other persons or using sources not on internet (3 months)

I_TICXND: Individuals have not checked the truthfulness of the information or content found on the internet because the individuals already knew that information, content or source was not reliable (3 months)

I_TICXOTH: Individuals have not checked the truthfulness of the information or content found on the internet because of other reasons (3 months)

I_TICXSKL: Individuals have not checked the truthfulness of the information or content found on the internet because the individuals lacked skills or knowledge (3 months)

I_UDI: Individuals have seen untrue or doubtful information or content on the internet news sites or social media (3 months)

name: Evaluating data, information and digital content (2021 onwards)


Way of obtaining ICT skills

I_SKC_HI: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through informal assistance from colleagues, relatives in friends and some other ways and have carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_SKC_LO: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through informal assistance from colleagues, relatives in friends and some other ways and have carried out 1 or 2 of the computer related activities

I_SKC_ME: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through informal assistance from colleagues, relatives in friends and some other ways and have carried out 3 or 4 of the computer related activities

I_SKE_HI: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through formalised educational institution (school, college, university, etc.) and have carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_SKE_LO: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through formalised educational institution (school, college, university, etc.) and have carried out 1 or 2 of the computer related activities

I_SKE_ME: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through formalised educational institution (school, college, university, etc.) and have carried out 3 or 4 of the computer related activities

I_SKL_HI: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through self-study (learning by doing) and have carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_SKL_LO: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through self-study (learning by doing) and have carried out 1 or 2 of the computer related activities

I_SKL_ME: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through self-study (learning by doing) and have carried out 3 or 4 of the computer related activities

I_SKM_HI: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through training courses and adult education centres, on demand of employer and have carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_SKM_LO: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through training courses and adult education centres, on demand of employer and have carried out 1 or 2 of the computer related activities

I_SKM_ME: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through training courses and adult education centres, on demand of employer and have carried out 3 or 4 of the computer related activities

I_SKO_HI: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through training courses and adult education centres, on own initiative and have carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_SKO_LO: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through training courses and adult education centres, on own initiative and have carried out 1 or 2 of the computer related activities

I_SKO_ME: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through training courses and adult education centres, on own initiative and have carried out 3 or 4 of the computer related activities

I_SKS_HI: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through self-study using books, cd-roms, etc. and have carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_SKS_LO: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through self-study using books, cd-roms, etc. and have carried out 1 or 2 of the computer related activities

I_SKS_ME: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through self-study using books, cd-roms, etc. and have carried out 3 or 4 of the computer related activities

I_SKTP: Individuals carried out at least one training activity to improve skills relating to the use of computers, software or applications

I_SKTP_EMP: Individuals carried out training paid or provided by the employer to improve skills relating to the use of computers, software or applications

I_SKTP_FRE: Individuals carried out free online training or self-study to improve skills relating to the use of computers, software or applications

I_SKTP_OTJ: Individuals carried out on-the-job training to improve skills relating to the use of computers, software or applications

I_SKTP_PUB: Individuals carried out free training provided by public programs or organisations to improve skills relating to the use of computers, software or applications

I_SKTP_SLF: Individuals carried out training paid by themselves to improve skills relating to the use of computers, software or applications

I_SKT_HI: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through some other way than i_skedu, i_sktown, i_sktemp, i_skslfb, i_skslfd, i_skcoll and have carried out 5 or 6 of the computer related activities

I_SKT_LO: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through some other way than i_skedu, i_sktown, i_sktemp, i_skslfb, i_skslfd, i_skcoll and have carried out 1 or 2 of the computer related activities

I_SKT_ME: Individuals who have obtained IT skills through some other way than i_skedu, i_sktown, i_sktemp, i_skslfb, i_skslfd, i_skcoll and have carried out 3 or 4 of the computer related activities


Individuals' level of internet skills

I_CEM: Individuals who have sent an email with attached files

I_CIANY: Individuals who have done at least one computer or internet activity

I_FDISOFT_HI: Individuals who have found, downloaded and installed software and carried out 5 or 6 of the internet related activities

I_I0: Individuals who have not done any of the listed internet activities

I_IANY: Individuals who have done at least one internet activity

I_IBCONF: Individuals who have modified the security settings of internet browsers

I_ICHAT: Individuals who have posted messages to chat rooms, newsgroups or an online discussion forum

I_IEXCH: Individuals who have used peer-to-peer file sharing for exchanging movies, music, etc.

I_INO: Individuals who have never used the internet or have not done any of the listed internet activities

I_IPHONE: Individuals who have used the internet to make phone calls

I_ISK_HI: Individuals who have carried out 5 or 6 of the 6 internet related activities

I_ISK_LO: Individuals who have carried out 1 or 2 of the 6 internet related activities

I_ISK_ME: Individuals who have carried out 3 or 4 of the 6 internet related activities

I_ISRCH: Individuals who have used a search engine to find information

I_IUPLOAD: Individuals who have uploaded text, games, images, films or music to websites (e.g. to websites for social networking)

I_VIRSPYX_HI: Individuals who have kept viruses, spyware and adware off their computer and carried out 5 or 6 of the internet related activities

PC_IND_IUEVR: Percentage of individuals who used internet, ever


dimensions_codes_order: FREQ unit geo

Q: Quarterly

AT11: Burgenland (AT)

CY00: Kypros

CZ02: Strední Cechy

CZ07: Strední Morava

DE11: Stuttgart

DE12: Karlsruhe

DE13: Freiburg

DE14: Tübingen

DE21: Oberbayern

DE22: Niederbayern

DE23: Oberpfalz

DE24: Oberfranken

DE25: Mittelfranken

DE26: Unterfranken

DE27: Schwaben

DE30: Berlin

DE40: Brandenburg

DE50: Bremen

DE60: Hamburg

DE71: Darmstadt

DE72: Gießen

DE73: Kassel

DE80: Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

DE91: Braunschweig

DE92: Hannover

DE93: Lüneburg

DE94: Weser-Ems

DEA1: Düsseldorf

DEA2: Köln

DEA3: Münster

DEA4: Detmold

DEA5: Arnsberg

DEB1: Koblenz

DEB2: Trier

DEB3: Rheinhessen-Pfalz

DEC0: Saarland

DED2: Dresden

DED4: Chemnitz

DED5: Leipzig

DEE0: Sachsen-Anhalt

DEF0: Schleswig-Holstein

DEG0: Thüringen

EL30: Attiki

EL41: Voreio Aigaio

EL42: Notio Aigaio

EL43: Kriti

EL51: Anatoliki Makedonia, Thraki

EL52: Kentriki Makedonia

EL53: Dytiki Makedonia

EL54: Ipeiros

UKE1: East Yorkshire and Northern Lincolnshire

UKF2: Leicestershire, Rutland and Northamptonshire

UKG1: Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Warwickshire

UKJ1: Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire

UKK1: Gloucestershire, Wiltshire and Bristol/Bath area

name: Labour market demand for ICT specialists in online job advertisements, by NUTS 2 regions - % of online job advertisements - experimental statistics


dimensions_codes_order: FREQ unit isco08 geo

isco08: International Standard Classification of Occupations 2008 (ISCO-08)

OC133: Information and communications technology service managers

OC251: Software and applications developers and analysts

OC252: Database and network professionals

OC351: Information and communications technology operations and user support technicians

OC352: Telecommunications and broadcasting technicians

OC742: Electronics and telecommunications installers and repairers

OTH_ICT: Other information and communications technology specialists (OC2152, OC2153, OC2166, OC2356, OC2434, OC3114)

name: Labour market demand for ICT specialists in online job advertisements, by occupation (ISCO-08) - % of online job advertisements for ICT specialists - experimental statistics


EL61: Thessalia

EL62: Ionia Nisia

PCH_SM: Percentage change compared to same period in previous year

name: Labour market demand for ICT specialists in online job advertisements, by NUTS 2 regions – percentage change Q/Q-4 – experimental statistics


RF_GE1: "Individuals with at least one of the 3 following characteristics: 55 to 74 years old; low education; unemployed or inactive or retired"

RF_GE2: "Individuals with at least two of the 3 following characteristics: 55 to 74 years old; low education; unemployed or inactive or retired"

I_CTBCOST: Individuals who have not taken a computer course because of the course costs

I_CTBCOST1: Individuals who have not taken a computer course in the last 3 years because of the course costs

I_CTBDIFF: Individuals who have not taken a computer course because the courses are too difficult

I_CTBOFFER: Individuals who have not taken a computer course because there is no suitable offer available

I_CTBOFFER1: Individuals who have not taken a computer course in the last 3 years because there is no suitable offer on content available

I_CTBOTH: Individuals who have not taken a computer course because of other reasons

I_CTBOTH1: Individuals who have not taken a computer course in the last 3 years because of other reasons

I_CTBTIME: Individuals who have not taken a computer course because of lack of time

I_CTBTIME1: Individuals who have not taken a computer course in the last 3 years because of lack of time

I_CTNN: Individuals who have not taken a computer course in the last 3 years because they don't need one

I_CTNNCUX: Individuals who do not need to take a computer course because they rarely use computers

I_CTNNSKL: Individuals who do not need to take a computer course because their computer skills are sufficient

I_CTNNSS: Individuals who have not taken a computer course in the last 3 years because of an engagement in self-study or assistance from others

I_CTNNX: Individuals who have not taken a computer course in the last 3 years although they would need one

PC_IND_CTMT3YX: Percentage of individuals who have taken a computer course more than 3 years ago or never

name: Reasons for not having taken a computer course


I_CT1_3Y: Last computer course: between 1 and 3 years ago

I_CT3: Last computer course: in the last 3 months

I_CT3Y: Last computer course: in the last 3 years

I_CT3_12: Last computer course: between 3 and 12 months

I_CTLT12: Last computer course: in the last 12 months

I_CTMT3Y: Last computer course: more than 3 years ago

I_CTMT3YX: Individuals who have taken a computer course more than 3 years ago or have never taken any

I_CTX: Individuals who have never taken a computer course

name: Most recent training course on computer use


E_IT_BMSDE: The development of business management software/systems is mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_BMSDO: The development of business management software/systems is mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_BMSDO_WEBDO_ITSP2: Employ ICT specialists and the development of business management software/systems or web solutions are mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_BMSSE: The support for business management software/systems is mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_BMSSO: The support for business management software/systems is mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_EXTQ: ICT functions are only performed by external suppliers

E_IT_EXT_ITSP2: Employ ICT specialists and ICT functions are performed by external suppliers

E_IT_EXT_ITT2: Provide training to develop ICT skills of personnel and ICT functions are performed by external suppliers

E_IT_INFRE: The maintenance of ICT infrastructure is mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_INFRO: The maintenance of ICT infrastructure is mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_MEXT_ITSP2: Employ ICT specialists and ICT functions are mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_MEXT_ITT2: Provide training to develop ICT skills of personnel and ICT functions are mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_MIX_ITSP2: Employ ICT specialists and ICT functions are mainly performed by a mix of own employees and external suppliers

E_IT_MOWN_ITSP2: Employ ICT specialists and ICT functions are mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_OSSE: The support for office software is mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_OSSO: The support for office software is mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_OWNQ: ICT functions are only performed by own employees

E_IT_OWN_ITSP2: Employ ICT specialists and ICT functions are performed by own employees

E_IT_SEC2E: The ICT security and data protection are mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_SEC2O: The ICT security and data protection are mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_SECE: The security and data protection are mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_SECO: The security and data protection are mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_WEBDE: The development of web solutions is mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_WEBDO: The development of web solutions is mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_WEBSE: The support for web solutions is mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_WEBSO: The support for web solutions is mainly performed by own employees

PC_ENT_CUSE: Percentage of the enterprises which use a computer

name: Enterprises - ICT functions performed by size class of enterprise


E_IT_EXT: ICT functions are performed by external suppliers

E_IT_MEXT: ICT functions are mainly performed by external suppliers

E_IT_MIX: ICT functions are mainly performed by a mix of own employees and external suppliers

E_IT_MOWN: ICT functions are mainly performed by own employees

E_IT_OWN: ICT functions are performed by own employees

D35: Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply

M69-M71: Legal and accounting activities; activities of head offices; management consultancy activities; architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis

name: Enterprises - ICT functions performed by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_ITSPDLA: Difficulty to recruit ICT specialists: Lack of applications

E_ITSPDLET: Difficulty to recruit ICT specialists: Applicants' lack of relevant ICT qualifications from education and/or training

E_ITSPDLWE: Difficulty to recruit ICT specialists: Applicants' lack of relevant work experience

E_ITSPDSAL: Difficulty to recruit ICT specialists: Applicants' salary expectations too high

E_ITSPRCR2: Enterprise recruited/tried to recruit personnel for jobs requiring ICT specialist skills (reduced comparability with 2007)

E_ITSPVAC2: Enterprise had hard-to-fill vacancies for jobs requiring ICT specialist skills (reduced comparability with 2007)

E_ITSPVAC2X: Enterprise had no hard-to-fill vacancies for jobs requiring ICT specialist skills

PC_ENT_ITSPRCR2: Percentage of enterprises which recruited / tried to recruit personnel for jobs requiring ICT specialist skills (reduced comparability with 2007)

name: Enterprises that recruited or tried to recruit ICT specialists by NACE Rev.2 activity


name: Enterprises that recruited or tried to recruit ICT specialists by size class of enterprise


E_ITSP2: Enterprise employed ICT/IT specialists (reduced comparability with 2007)

name: Enterprises that employ ICT specialists by size class of enterprise


name: Enterprises that employ ICT specialists by NACE Rev.2 activity


E_ITSPT2: Enterprise provided training to ICT/IT specialists to develop their ICT skills

E_ITT2: Enterprise provided training to their personnel to develop their ICT skills

E_ITUST2: Enterprise provided training to other persons employed to develop their ICT skills

name: Enterprises that provided training to develop/upgrade ICT skills of their personnel by NACE Rev.2 activity


name: Enterprises that provided training to develop/upgrade ICT skills of their personnel by size class of enterprise


dimensions_codes_order: FREQ unit age geo

age: Age class

Y15-34: From 15 to 34 years

Y15-74: From 15 to 74 years

Y35-74: From 35 to 74 years

THS: Thousand

name: Employed persons with ICT education by age


dimensions_codes_order: FREQ unit isced11 geo

isced11: International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED 2011)

ED3-8: Upper secondary, post-secondary non-tertiary and tertiary education (levels 3-8)

ED3_4: Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 3 and 4)

ED5-8: Tertiary education (levels 5-8)

name: Employed persons with ICT education by educational attainment level


dimensions_codes_order: FREQ wstatus unit geo

wstatus: Activity and employment status

ACT: Persons in the labour force (former name: active persons)

EMP: Employed persons

UNE: Unemployed persons

name: Persons with ICT education by labour status


dimensions_codes_order: FREQ unit sex geo

sex: Sex

F: Females

M: Males

T: Total

name: Employed persons with ICT education by sex


Employed ICT specialists by age

s: Eurostat estimate

THS_PER: Thousand persons


ED0-4: Less than primary, primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 0-4)

NRP: No response

name: Employed ICT specialists by educational attainment level


Employed ICT specialists - total

PC_EMP: Percentage of total employment


Fixed telephony - main telephone lines

dimensions_codes_order: FREQ unit indic_is geo

EU27: European Union (27 countries)

EU28: European Union (28 countries)

T601: Number of main telephone lines

T601P: Penetration of main telephone lines

NR: Number

P_HHAB: Per hundred inhabitants


MOB_PENET: Mobile penetration

MOB_SUBS: Mobile subscriptions

name: Mobile communications - subscriptions and penetration