Non-EU/EEA foreign individuals and entities need a permission issued by the Ministry of Defence to buy real estate (land). Permission is also required of entities domiciled in the EU/EEA, but in which a non-EU/EEA individual or entity has ownership of at least 10% or equivalent effective influence in the entity buying the real estate. Permission may be granted if the transfer of real estate is not deemed to complicate the organisation of defence, the surveillance and safeguarding of territorial integrity or the assurance of border control, border security or the maintenance of emergency stocks of critical supplies. Furthermore, pursuant to the Act on Land Acquisition in Åland, legal or natural persons who do not enjoy regional citizenship in Åland may not acquire property on the Åland Islands without permission by the competent authorities of the Åland Islands.
"Section 1 - Scope of application and relationship with other legislation:
This Act applies to transfers of real estate in the territory of Finland if the transferee is:
1) an entity with a seat in a state other than a Member State of the European Union or a member country of the European Economic Area or a citizen of a state other than a Member State of the European Union or a member country of the European Economic Area;
2) an entity with a seat in a Member State of the European Union or a member country of the European Economic Area when a natural person or entity within the meaning of the foregoing subsection 1 holds a minimum of one tenth of the aggregate number of votes carried by the shares of a limited liability company or exercises equivalent actual control in the company.

When the percentage of votes carried by the aggregate number of shares in a limited liability company referred to in subsection 1(2) above is determined, such a determination shall also include shares:
1) held by a company forming part of the same group of companies to which the transferee belongs;
2) held by a family member of the transferee or an entity or foundation in which such a family member exercises control; or
3) by virtue of which the transferee is entitled to exercise voting rights under a contract or other arrangement.

The provisions of the foregoing subsection 2 shall also apply, mutatis mutandis, to the determination of the transferee's percentage of votes in entities other than limited liability companies.

For the purposes of this Act, transfer of real estate means a legal act by which title to a piece of real estate or to a share of real estate or to a parcel of real estate is transferred to a new owner.

This Act shall not apply in the territory of the Province of Åland.

Section 2 - Transfers of real estate requiring special permission:
The natural person or entity within the meaning of the foregoing section 1(1) may only acquire a piece of real estate in the territory of Finland subject to special permission issued by the Ministry of Defence.

No such permission is required if:
1) the transferor of the piece of real estate is the married or unmarried spouse or registered partner of the transferee;
2) the transferor is a person that the transferee could inherit under chapter 2 of the Code of Inheritance; or
3) the piece of real estate is to be acquired by the transferor together with his or her married or unmarried spouse or registered partner and one of them is not required to have the permission referred to this Act.

Section 5 - Prerequisites for granting permission:
Permission for the transfer of a piece of real estate may be granted if the transfer is not deemed to complicate the organisation of defence, the surveillance and safeguarding of territorial integrity or the assurance of border control, border security or the maintenance of emergency stocks of critical supplies."
(Act on Transfers of Real Estate Requiring Special Permission (470/2019), Sections 1, 2, 5 [unofficial translation])

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"Section 1:
In order to exercise the right of the people of Åland to own land in Åland, the restrictions provided for in this Act apply to the acquisition and management of immovable property in the province.

Section 2:
Those who do not have Åland's right of domicile, as well as companies, cooperatives, associations, other entities, institutions, foundations or associations, may not acquire or manage immovable property in the province without the permission of the provincial government. Exceptions to this may be provided by provincial law.

What is provided in this Act for the acquisition of immovable property also applies to the scope of the immovable property as well as the part of the estate acquired or controlled by the transfer which owns or controls the immovable property.
[...]"
(Act on Land Acquisition in Åland (3/1975), Sections 1 and 2 [google translation])
Act on Transfers of Real Estate Requiring Special Permission (470/2019), Sections 1 and 2
Act on Land Acquisition in Åland (3/1975), Sections 1 and 2
[<a href="https://www.finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2019/en20190470.pdf">Act</a>],[<a href="https://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1975/19750003">Act</a>]