The provision of domestic air transport services is reserved to locally incorporated companies, but foreign air carriers may, upon reciprocity, be granted the right to perform regular public air transportation in relation to aviation freedoms beyond those provided in a biletaral agreeement (e.g. fifth or seventh freedom or cabotage). The provision of international air services between North Macedonia and Member State of ECAA is reserved to a domestic airline or an airline of a State Member of ECAA in accordance with the provisions of EU Regulation 1008/2008, which requires air carriers to be owned and effectively controlled by the Member States and/or nationals of Member States.



"Article 2-a
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 1 of this Act: [...]
- the access to the market for performing ground handling airport services of aircrafts, passengers handling, baggage handling, cargo and mail handling and supplying the aircraft with fuel and oil at the airports opened for public air transport shall be regulated by the Directive 96/67/EC of 15 October 1996 on access to the ground handling market at Community airports of the Community which  as taken over with Annex I to the Multilateral Agreement on the Establishment of the European Common Aviation Area ("Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia" no.27/2007 and 98/2009), (hereinafter referred to as EU Directive 96/67); [...]
- the common requirements for operating public air transport in the international air traffic shall be regulated by Regulation (EC) no.1008/2008 of 24 September 2008 on common rules for the operation of air services in the Community, which was taken over with the Annex I Multilateral Agreement on the Establishment of the European Common Aviation Area ("Official Gazette of the Republic of Macedonia" no.27/2007 and 98/2009), (hereinafter referred to as EU Regulation 1008/2008);
[...]
Article 31
Public air services may be operated as scheduled or non-scheduled air services in the domestic or international air traffic.
[...]
Article 33
(1)	For the purpose and public air services safety and regularity, the legal entity performing public air services shall have the necessary staff, aircrafts, equipment, as well as meet the special requirements necessary for safe and regular operation. The way of performing the public air services, as well as the special requirements regarding the necessary staff, aircrafts equipment and the other special requirements necessary for safe and regular operation shall be prescribed by the director of the Agency.
(2)	To the airline satisfying the requirements from paragraph (1) of this Article, the Agency shall issue or renew the Operating Licence and the Air Operator Certificate - AOC, for which a decision is made. 
Article 34
(1)	An international public air services may be operated by a domestic airline, which in addition to the requirements mentioned in Article 33 of this Act shall satisfy the requirements provided for under the international agreements binding on the Republic of North Macedonia as well as other international acts governing safe and orderly operation of the international air services.
(2)	A foreign airline may operate international public air services to/from the Republic of North Macedonia according to the conditions of the bilateral and multilateral international scheduled or non-scheduled air services agreement binding to the Republic of North Macedonia or according to the conditions from the permission issued on the basis of Article 26 of this Act.
(3)	Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Article, international air services between the Republic of North Macedonia and Member State of ECAA may be operated by a domestic airline or an airline of a State Member of ECAA in accordance with the provisions of EU Regulation 1008/2008.
[...]
CHAPTER FIVE - REGISTRATION, NATIONALITY AND MARKING OF AIRCRAFT
I.   REGISTRATION AND RECORDING OF AIRCRAFT
Article 91
(1)	Any aircraft not being registered or recorded shall be prohibited to operate within the Macedonian airspace.
(2)	Any aircraft registered in the Republic of North Macedonia (hereinafter referred to as "Macedonian aircraft") shall bear the Macedonian nationality.
[...]
Article 95
(1) An aircraft can be registered in the Aircraft Register under the following conditions:
- the aircraft meets all the airworthiness requirements stipulated with this Act and bylaws adopted on the basis of this Act; 
 - the aircraft operator is a domestic natural person or foreign natural person with regulated stay in the Republic of North Macedonia or is a legal entity registered in and with principal place of business in the Republic of North Macedonia; [...]" (
----------------------------------------
"Article 2
The separate expressions used in this decree have the following meaning: [...]
10) The fifth freedom is the right of a carrier to transport passengers, goods and mail from its own country to another country and to continue the journey to a third country;
11) Seventh freedom is the right of a carrier to transport passengers, goods and mail between two foreign countries, without performing air traffic from and to its own country and;
[...]
1. Special conditions for obtaining approval for regular public air transport of foreign carriers
Article 3
(1) A carrier of a country that is a party to a bilateral agreement on regular air traffic with the Republic of North Macedonia may perform regular public air transportation in accordance with the aviation freedoms provided for in that bilateral agreement, if in addition to the conditions of the same, it also fulfills the following conditions:
a) to have a valid operating license if the carrier is from a member state of the European Union;
b) to have a valid certificate for meeting safety conditions for performing public air transport (AOC - Air Operator Certificate); [...]
(2) The carrier from paragraph (1) of this article may perform regular public air transport also for aviation freedoms that are not provided for in a bilateral agreement (fifth or seventh freedom or cabotage), if it meets the requirements of article 4 of this decree .
[...]
Article 4
A carrier from a country with which the Republic of North Macedonia has not concluded a bilateral agreement for regular public air traffic, i.e. a carrier that requests aviation freedoms that are not provided for in a bilateral agreement, can perform regular public air transportation if it meets the conditions of Article 3, paragraph (1) ) of this decree and there is a statement that the country undertakes to provide reciprocal treatment to Macedonian carriers in the event that there is a domestic carrier in the Republic of North Macedonia. [...]" (Government Regulation on specific requirements, manner and procedure for granting flight approvals to civil and state aircraft No 264/21 [google translaiton])
----------------------------------------
"CHAPTER - II OPERATING LICENCE 
Article 3. Operating licence
1.   No undertaking established in the Community shall be permitted to carry by air passengers, mail and/or cargo for remuneration and/or hire unless it has been granted the appropriate operating licence.
An undertaking meeting the requirements of this Chapter shall be entitled to receive an operating licence.
Article 4. Conditions for granting an operating licence
An undertaking shall be granted an operating licence by the competent licensing authority of a Member State provided that:
(a)  its principal place of business is located in that Member State;
(b)  it holds a valid AOC issued in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 1 ) either by a national authority of a Member State, by several national authorities of Member States acting jointly in accordance with Article 62(5) of that Regulation or by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency; [...]
(f)  Member States and/or nationals of Member States own more than 50 % of the undertaking and effectively control it, whether directly or indirectly through one or more intermediate undertakings, except as provided for in an agreement with a third country to which the Community is a party; [...]" (REGULATION (EC) No 1008/2008 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 24 September 2008 on common rules for the operation of air services in the Community (Recast), as amended)
Aviation Act, Official Gazette, Nr. 14/06, 24/07, 103/08, 67/10, 24/12, 80/12, 155/12, 42/14, 97/15, 152/15, 27/16, 31/16, 64/18, 220/19, 48/20, 27 January 2006, last updated on 17 February 2020, article 2a
Government Regulation on specific requirements, manner and procedure for granting flight approvals to civil and state aircraft No 264/21 [google translaiton]
REGULATION (EC) No 1008/2008 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 24 September 2008 on common rules for the operation of air services in the Community (Recast), as amended

Law on Ratification of the Multilateral Agreement between the European Community and its Member States, the Republic of Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Republic of Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia , the Republic of Iceland, the Republic of Montenegro, the Kingdom of Norway, Romania, the Republic of Serbia and the United nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo on the Establishment of a European Common Aviation Area, Official Gazette No. 27/07 98/09 259/19, 26 February 2007, last updated on 12 December 2019, Annex II, Protocol V, Article 3,Paragraph 1, subsection a, part ii
[<a href="https://www.caa.gov.mk/en/regulation/national-laws/">Act</a>],[<a href="https://www.caa.gov.mk/%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b3%d1%83%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b0/%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b7%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%81%d0%b8-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b7%d0%b4%d1%83%d1%88%d0%b5%d0%bd-%d1%81%d0%be%d0%be%d0%b1/">Reg</a>],[<a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1008-20201218">Reg</a>]