Information held by the NZCC (which includes most information relating to investigations or administrative decisions of the NZCC, including information received from another authorities) will be considered official information. The starting point for any release of official information is our domestic statutory requirement that official information shall be made available on request unless there is good reason for withholding it.  ‘Good reasons’ included in the Official Information Act are:  a) that the information was provided under an obligation of confidence, and the release may prejudice the future supply of information;  b) that the information would unreasonably prejudice the commercial position of a person; c) the information is privileged; or  d) to protect privacy of individuals.  However, these good reasons are also subject to an overriding public interest test. There is also an exception for information that would prejudice the maintenance of the law, or the investigation or detection of offences. This is generally used to protect information relating to ongoing investigations.  Further rules apply where an individual (not a company) is requesting information about themselves under the Privacy Act 1993.   The NZCC decides in the first instance what information will be released; however, this may be appealed to a specialist body, or the general courts. The NZCC may receive submissions from relevant parties (such as an overseas agency if it is requesting or providing the information). There are similar, but separate regimes for information used in civil and criminal court matters, the starting point of which is that information relevant to the allegation must be disclosed to the defendant (and that information referred to in Court is publicly available). However there are exceptions such as for confidential information (particularly commercially sensitive information), or privileged information.  For example, it is common for the commercial data which comprises the underlying evidence for a particular breach of an Act (which may be provided by, for example, customers or competitors of the defendant) to only be provided to the lawyers or expert (economic) witnesses of the defendant, and not to the defendant company itself or the public. What information is confidential is usually agreed between the NZCC and the defendant but is ultimately determined by the court.