Cartel enforcement by the Commission for Protection of Competition is always performed in administrative proceedings, in line with the Law on Protection of Competition. If a cartel is established in the decision of the Commission, a measure for protection of competition may be imposed on the cartel participants.  On the other hand, participation in a cartel is also a criminal act, according to Article 229 of the Criminal Code (‘’Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia’’, no. 85/2005…35/2019), for which a sanction of imprisonment and a fine may be imposed by the competent court.