In Criminal matters, the Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs) themselves set out confidentiality conditions and the actual MLAT requests and responses may include additional requirements.  With respect to letters rogatory, which may be used in civil or criminal matters and are authorized to be sent and received by the U.S. government pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 1781 and 1782, the court orders on which the requests or responses are based will contain requirements and commitments concerning any confidential information to be transmitted to or from the United States. Rule 6(e) of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure codifies the requirement of secrecy that attaches to grand jury proceedings.  Rule 6(e) prohibits members of the grand jury, government attorneys, and other grand jury personnel from disclosing matters before the grand jury.  There are limited exceptions to the secrecy requirements that normally require a court order to become effective in a particular case.