As a general rule New Zealand competition law does not take into account the interests of other countries. Under Section 4 of the Commerce Act, New Zealand competition law applies to any conduct engaged in by any person resident or carrying on business in New Zealand “to the extent that such conduct affects a market in New Zealand”.  One exception is section 36A of the Commerce Act which prohibits a party from abusing a substantial degree of power in a market in Australia (or in Australia and New Zealand). It is similar in wording to section 36, which prohibits abuse of market power generally, but expressly takes a market in Australia into consideration. One distinction between sections 36 and 36A is that section 36A does not apply if the relevant market is exclusively for services. There is an equivalent provision in the Australian Competition and Consumer Act in respect to New Zealand (section 46A). Also, see notes regarding MACMA and the Trans-Tasman Proceedings Act in response to question 4.1 above and our description of our ability to provide investigative assistance and use our compulsory information gathering powers to assist an overseas agency in sections 99C-99P of the Commerce Act.