Banks and Non-bank financial service institutions that have Data Centers and/or Disaster Recovery Centers are required to place Electronic Systems in Data Centers and/or Disaster Recovery Centers in the territory of Indonesia and are required to carry out Information Technology-Based Transaction Processing in the territory of Indonesia.In addition, providers of electronic certification and e-signatures must also store data in Indonesia under Regulation 3/2021. Moreover, data localisation also applies to Electronic System Operators (ESOs) that provide public servcies.