OBS_VALUE: As of March 2018, subclass 457 visa are replaced by the Temporary Skill Shortage visa. ISSs are eligible principally for the Temporary Work (Short Stay Activity) visa programme (Subclass 400) which entails a labour market test. They are granted to people that have specialist skills, knowledge or experience that is needed but cannot be found at the moment in Australia. Under the TSS visa programme (subclass 482), the employee is engaged generally only as an employee of an associated entity of that company. As such, an approved Standards Business Sponsor must demonstrate that a direct employer-employee relationship is available including in circumstances where the holder of a TSS visa is seconded to a client site. Certain occupations are exempt from the direct employer requirement and specified TSS visa holders may work as independent contractors (general managers sitting on the BoDs of several unrelated businesses).