OBS_VALUE: ACMA considers that, in general, ‘use-it-or-lose-it’ provisions are not the most effective mechanism for discouraging non-use of spectrum. Alternatives such as charging a market price to provide sufficient incentive to use the spectrum, or targeting anti-competitive behaviour through competition limits are preferable. See also the Rules and principles to manage spectrum (https://www.acma.gov.au/rules-and-principles-manage-spectrum) and the coming amendments that aim to streamline the spectrum allocation process: Exposure draft of Radiocommunications Legislation Amendment (Reform and Modernisation) Bill (see: https://www.communications.gov.au/have-your-say/exposure-draft-radiocommunications-legislation-amendment-reform-and-modernisation-bill)