{"columns":[{"name":"Goal","type":"string"},{"name":"Target","type":"string"},{"name":"Indicator","type":"string"},{"name":"SeriesCode","type":"string"},{"name":"SeriesDescription","type":"string"},{"name":"GeoAreaCode","type":"string"},{"name":"GeoAreaName","type":"string"},{"name":"TimePeriod","type":"string"},{"name":"Value","type":"string"},{"name":"Time_Detail","type":"string"},{"name":"TimeCoverage","type":"string"},{"name":"UpperBound","type":"string"},{"name":"LowerBound","type":"string"},{"name":"BasePeriod","type":"string"},{"name":"Source","type":"string"},{"name":"GeoInfoUrl","type":"string"},{"name":"FootNote","type":"string"},{"name":"[Nature]","type":"string"},{"name":"[Reporting Type]","type":"string"},{"name":"[Units]","type":"string"}],"n_rows":2570,"rows_kept":2570,"cut":false,"text_format":"parquet-jsonl-2026-10-02","bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"package_text_limit_bytes":33554432,"package_text_slack_bytes":1024,"rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096,"vector_min":64,"vector_head_fixed":16,"vector_head_variable":64,"kv_value_chars":1048576,"nesting_max":64,"binary_text":true},"cells_cut":0,"cells_bad_utf8":0,"cells_raw":0,"cells_binary":0,"cells_binary_text":0,"cells_vector":0,"n_row_groups":1,"reader":"pyarrow 23.0.1, python 3.13","created_by":"DuckDB version v1.2.2 (build 7c039464e4)","schema":{"fields":[{"name":"Goal","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"Target","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"Indicator","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"SeriesCode","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"SeriesDescription","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"GeoAreaCode","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"GeoAreaName","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"TimePeriod","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"Value","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"Time_Detail","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"TimeCoverage","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"UpperBound","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"LowerBound","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"BasePeriod","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"Source","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"GeoInfoUrl","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"FootNote","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"[Nature]","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"[Reporting Type]","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null},{"name":"[Units]","type":"string","nullable":true,"metadata":null,"children":null}],"parquet":"required group field_id=-1 duckdb_schema {\n  optional binary field_id=-1 Goal (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 Target (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 Indicator (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 SeriesCode (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 SeriesDescription (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 GeoAreaCode (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 GeoAreaName (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 TimePeriod (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 Value (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 Time_Detail (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 TimeCoverage (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 UpperBound (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 LowerBound (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 BasePeriod (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 Source (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 GeoInfoUrl (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 FootNote (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 [Nature] (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 [Reporting Type] (String);\n  optional binary field_id=-1 [Units] (String);\n}\n"},"kv_metadata":[]}
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2008","0.20992","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2009","0.21983","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2010","0.23291","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2011","0.24228","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2012","0.25159","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2013","0.26539","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2014","0.26679","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2015","0.27222","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2016","0.27375","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2017","0.2709","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2018","0.26554","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2019","0.26557","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2020","0.27972","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2021","0.27927","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2022","0.27942","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2000","0.32356","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2001","0.33278","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2002","0.33108","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2003","0.33257","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2004","0.3405","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2005","0.34837","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2006","0.35574","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2007","0.35161","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2008","0.36185","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2009","0.35366","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2010","0.3491","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2011","0.35859","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2012","0.3636","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2013","0.37355","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2014","0.38094","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2015","0.39227","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2016","0.40581","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2017","0.41315","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2018","0.39424","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2019","0.37832","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2020","0.37952","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2021","0.38304","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","202","Sub-Saharan Africa","2022","0.38324","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2000","1.10997","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2001","1.09871","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2002","1.09819","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2003","1.1421","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2004","1.13935","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2005","1.161","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2006","1.22542","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2007","1.29572","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2008","1.23358","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2009","1.28656","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2010","1.3267","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2011","1.54477","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2012","1.76967","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2013","1.87924","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2014","1.95833","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2015","1.91689","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2016","1.67003","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2017","1.76855","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2018","1.89906","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2019","1.92734","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2020","1.98599","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2021","1.99601","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","203","Czechia","2022","1.9642","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2000","2.1862","2000",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2001","2.32466","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2002","2.44145","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2003","2.51085","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2004","2.41916","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2005","2.39337","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2006","2.403","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2007","2.51541","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2008","2.77346","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2009","3.05514","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2000","1.53618","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2001","1.5568","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2002","1.54863","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2003","1.54755","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2004","1.52232","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2005","1.53914","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2006","1.55047","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2007","1.56663","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2008","1.60127","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2009","1.64518","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2010","1.61592","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2011","1.62635","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2010","2.91707","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2011","2.94465","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2012","2.98125","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2013","2.97048","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2014","2.91409","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2015","3.05497","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2016","3.09283","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2017","2.93124","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2018","2.96603","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2019","2.89685","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2020","2.97258","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2021","2.76142","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2012","1.63692","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2013","1.66462","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2014","1.68749","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2015","1.72385","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2016","1.73477","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2017","1.7499","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2018","1.77505","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2019","1.82869","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2020","1.94393","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2021","1.92273","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","1","World","2022","1.95036","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","8","Albania","2007","0.08757","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","208","Denmark","2022","2.89051","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2001","0.05448","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2002","0.0584","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2003","0.06007","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2006","0.13176","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2007","0.13501","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2008","0.23011","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2009","0.41055","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2010","0.41127","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2011","0.34115","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2012","0.33308","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2013","0.37423","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","8","Albania","2008","0.15412","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2000","1.46019","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2001","1.54365","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2002","1.62199","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2003","1.66802","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2004","1.7091","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2005","1.84686","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2006","1.97459","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2007","2.0695","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2008","2.17019","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2009","2.17367","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2010","2.14993","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","218","Ecuador","2014","0.43839","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2007","0.1056","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2008","0.13399","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2009","0.0909","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2010","0.07806","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2011","0.0355","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2012","0.03397","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2013","0.06387","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2014","0.09377","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2015","0.14348","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2016","0.14493","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2017","0.18078","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2011","2.03832","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2012","2.01017","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2013","1.98125","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2014","1.87065","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2015","1.76129","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2016","1.74853","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2017","1.73748","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2018","1.72264","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2019","1.70503","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2020","1.72636","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2021","1.74447","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","9","Oceania","2022","1.74706","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2018","0.16531","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2019","0.17477","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2020","0.16299","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2021","0.16252","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","222","El Salvador","2022","0.1428","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","231","Ethiopia","2005","0.17917","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","231","Ethiopia","2007","0.17089","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","231","Ethiopia","2010","0.24137","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","231","Ethiopia","2013","0.60474","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","231","Ethiopia","2017","0.27437","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2000","0.6","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2001","0.69839","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","12","Algeria","2001","0.21219","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","12","Algeria","2002","0.33807","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","12","Algeria","2003","0.18122","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","12","Algeria","2004","0.15186","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","12","Algeria","2005","0.06367","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","12","Algeria","2017","0.47865","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2000","0.2907","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2001","0.30013","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2002","0.32864","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2003","0.30677","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2004","0.30649","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2005","0.29928","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2002","0.71203","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2003","0.76465","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2004","0.84584","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2005","0.91705","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2006","1.11277","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2007","1.05874","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2008","1.25188","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2009","1.39679","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2010","1.57899","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2011","2.30522","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2012","2.12481","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2013","1.72412","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2006","0.31124","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2007","0.3196","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2008","0.33401","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2009","0.41578","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2010","0.42322","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2011","0.47153","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2012","0.47482","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2013","0.54163","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2014","0.54091","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2015","0.59018","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2016","0.58773","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2017","0.57468","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2014","1.43023","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2015","1.46777","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2016","1.24306","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2017","1.27685","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2018","1.40999","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2019","1.62058","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2020","1.75315","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2021","1.76766","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","233","Estonia","2022","1.78205","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","234","Faroe Islands","2003","0.85253","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2000","3.24138","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2001","3.19372","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2018","0.60035","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2019","0.66404","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2020","0.74944","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2021","0.74108","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","15","Northern Africa","2022","0.80664","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","16","American Samoa","2003","0.18787","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","16","American Samoa","2004","0.32528","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","16","American Samoa","2005","0.36692","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","16","American Samoa","2006","0.39552","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2000","2.55737","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2001","2.586","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2002","2.49954","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2002","3.25308","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2003","3.29822","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2004","3.30907","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2005","3.3237","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2006","3.33216","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2007","3.33704","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2008","3.53697","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2009","3.73402","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2010","3.70532","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2011","3.61806","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2012","3.39832","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2013","3.27137","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2003","2.50144","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2004","2.44608","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2005","2.4573","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2006","2.49476","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2007","2.5554","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2008","2.66964","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2009","2.7183","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2010","2.63951","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2011","2.65717","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2012","2.59728","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2013","2.61157","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2014","2.62409","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2014","3.14751","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2015","2.87196","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2016","2.72442","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2017","2.72787","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2018","2.75749","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2019","2.79961","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2020","2.91243","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2021","2.9885","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","246","Finland","2022","2.96469","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2000","2.09346","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2001","2.13804","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2002","2.17449","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2015","2.68578","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2016","2.74504","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2017","2.78375","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2018","2.88629","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2019","3.03314","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2020","3.30465","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2021","3.34778","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","21","Northern America","2022","3.42424","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","24","Angola","2016","0.03229","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2000","1.83823","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2001","1.87335","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2002","1.90838","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2003","2.11994","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2004","2.09461","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2005","2.05151","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2006","2.05094","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2007","2.02451","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2008","2.06117","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2009","2.21207","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2010","2.17857","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2011","2.19161","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2012","2.22707","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2013","2.23703","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2014","2.27592","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2015","2.22702","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2016","2.22238","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2017","2.19888","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2018","2.19666","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2019","2.19179","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2020","2.27464","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2021","2.21808","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","250","France","2022","2.23312","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","266","Gabon","2007","0.41633","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","266","Gabon","2008","0.5109","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","266","Gabon","2009","0.57924","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2000","0.2153","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2001","0.23848","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2002","0.18574","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2003","0.2176","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2004","0.2442","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2005","0.17658","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2013","0.0771","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2014","0.16991","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2015","0.29397","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2016","0.28025","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2017","0.26645","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2018","0.27573","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2019","0.28197","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2020","0.29765","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2021","0.24875","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2022","0.2347","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","268","Georgia","2023","0.25283","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","270","Gambia","2008","0.01261","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","270","Gambia","2009","0.01086","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","270","Gambia","2011","0.0848","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","270","Gambia","2018","0.06933","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Higher Education;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","275","State of Palestine","2007","0.19723","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","275","State of Palestine","2008","0.14914","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","275","State of Palestine","2009","0.35646","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","275","State of Palestine","2010","0.36156","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","275","State of Palestine","2013","0.45434","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2000","2.40982","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2001","2.40437","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2002","2.43622","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2003","2.47461","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2004","2.43519","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2005","2.44193","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2003","1.9233","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2004","1.95444","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2005","2.02644","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2006","2.06924","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2007","2.05905","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2008","2.07285","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2009","2.1508","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2010","2.15619","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2011","2.21789","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2012","2.304","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2013","2.38274","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2014","2.4149","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2006","2.47232","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2007","2.46048","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2008","2.61513","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2009","2.74266","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2010","2.73024","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2011","2.80555","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2012","2.88166","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2013","2.83599","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2014","2.87784","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2015","2.93379","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2016","2.94039","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2017","3.0471","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2015","2.41068","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2016","2.40723","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2017","2.44297","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2018","2.47438","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2019","2.54557","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2020","2.6873","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2021","2.69964","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","30","Eastern Asia","2022","2.82682","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2000","0.336","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2001","0.34001","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2002","0.30155","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2018","3.11011","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2019","3.16701","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2020","3.13136","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2021","3.12882","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","276","Germany","2022","3.13236","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","288","Ghana","2007","0.23157","2007",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","288","Ghana","2010","0.37655","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2001","0.55948","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2003","0.54654","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2004","0.5273","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2005","0.57896","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2006","0.56118","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2003","0.32496","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2004","0.29831","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2005","0.21994","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2006","0.17165","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2007","0.17006","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2008","0.16554","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2009","0.24976","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2010","0.21848","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2011","0.21084","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2012","0.21427","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2013","0.20969","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2007","0.57655","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2008","0.66183","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2009","0.62557","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2010","0.60347","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2011","0.68426","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2012","0.71005","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2013","0.81478","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2014","0.83998","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2015","0.96605","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2016","1.00529","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2017","1.15228","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2018","1.21371","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2019","1.27499","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2020","1.51149","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2021","1.45782","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","300","Greece","2022","1.48596","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","304","Greenland","2001","0.52741","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","304","Greenland","2002","0.55628","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","304","Greenland","2003","0.50804","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","304","Greenland","2004","0.64608","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","316","Guam","2003","0.2657","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","316","Guam","2004","0.25518","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","316","Guam","2005","0.2561","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2005","0.03556","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2006","0.0501","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2007","0.06782","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2008","0.0629","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2009","0.0562","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2010","0.04421","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2011","0.04894","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2012","0.04543","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2013","0.03916","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2014","0.02949","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2015","0.03064","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2016","0.02311","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2014","0.20978","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2015","0.22232","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2016","0.20637","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2017","0.18468","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2018","0.18416","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2019","0.20013","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2020","0.2239","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2021","0.20836","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2022","0.1513","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","31","Azerbaijan","2023","0.18178","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2000","0.43884","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2001","0.42461","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2017","0.02955","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2018","0.02938","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2019","0.02642","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2020","0.04888","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","320","Guatemala","2021","0.05863","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2000","0.04453","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2001","0.03834","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2002","0.04181","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2003","0.04215","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2004","0.04155","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2015","0.01497","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2017","0.03994","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2002","0.38886","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2003","0.41013","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2004","0.40376","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2005","0.42074","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2006","0.45216","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2007","0.46007","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2008","0.47055","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2009","0.58398","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2010","0.56104","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2011","0.56597","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2012","0.63491","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2013","0.61849","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2018","0.06394","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","340","Honduras","2019","0.05997","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2000","0.46493","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2001","0.53645","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2002","0.58147","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2003","0.68027","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2004","0.72176","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2005","0.77343","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2006","0.79468","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2007","0.75161","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2008","0.71996","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2014","0.59396","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2015","0.62262","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2016","0.55815","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2017","0.55631","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2018","0.4883","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2019","0.47813","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2020","0.54126","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2021","0.52216","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","32","Argentina","2022","0.54947","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2000","0.58533","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2001","0.57704","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2002","0.57432","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2009","0.77342","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2010","0.74946","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2011","0.72086","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2012","0.72733","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2013","0.73017","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2014","0.74014","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2015","0.76183","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2016","0.7915","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2017","0.83519","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2018","0.8633","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2019","0.92557","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2003","0.59792","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2004","0.61269","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2005","0.68498","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2006","0.67399","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2007","0.69317","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2008","0.72864","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2009","0.71165","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2010","0.68163","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2011","0.65776","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2012","0.64932","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2013","0.62232","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2014","0.61807","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2020","0.99236","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2021","0.97026","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2022","1.07288","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","344","China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","2023","1.10339","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2000","0.79096","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2001","0.9131","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2002","0.98355","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2003","0.91883","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2004","0.8599","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2005","0.91951","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2006","0.9774","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2007","0.95445","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2008","0.97757","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2009","1.12802","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2010","1.12865","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2011","1.17925","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2012","1.25423","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2013","1.3841","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2014","1.3446","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2015","1.33959","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2016","1.17987","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2017","1.31702","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2018","1.50775","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2019","1.47291","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2020","1.59252","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2021","1.64379","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","348","Hungary","2022","1.39473","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2000","2.57201","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2001","2.83989","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2002","2.8212","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2003","2.7055","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2005","2.67969","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2006","2.85266","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2007","2.53294","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2008","2.46414","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2015","0.61062","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2016","0.59369","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2017","0.59208","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2018","0.58744","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2019","0.58526","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2020","0.57037","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2021","0.56997","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","34","Southern Asia","2022","0.57159","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2000","0.54574","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2001","0.56211","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2002","0.58547","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2003","0.5967","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2009","2.59713","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2011","2.40367","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2013","1.69238","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2014","1.93616","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2015","2.18138","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2016","2.11011","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2017","2.08365","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2018","2.00081","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2019","2.34018","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2020","2.4864","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2021","2.77875","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2004","0.6108","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2005","0.62314","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2006","0.64407","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2007","0.67143","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2008","0.71278","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2009","0.71772","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2010","0.7197","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2011","0.74792","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2012","0.7459","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2013","0.76748","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2014","0.81626","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2015","0.8692","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2016","0.93006","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2017","0.95014","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2018","0.9447","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2019","0.97098","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2020","1.06166","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2021","1.09041","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","35","South-Eastern Asia","2022","1.09308","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2000","1.57198","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2002","1.74654","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2004","1.84802","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2006","2.17862","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2008","2.39898","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2010","2.37009","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2011","2.23445","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2013","2.17709","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2015","1.91902","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2017","1.87919","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2019","1.8257","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","36","Australia","2021","1.85509","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2000","1.88602","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2001","1.9921","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2002","2.06598","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2003","2.17456","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","352","Iceland","2022","2.6004","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2000","0.75699","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2001","0.73591","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2002","0.72567","2002",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2003","0.71929","2003",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2004","0.7569","2004",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2005","0.82411","2005",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2006","0.80473","2006",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2007","0.80507","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2008","0.85876","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2009","0.83314","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2010","0.78849","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2004","2.16612","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2005","2.37324","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2006","2.35923","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2007","2.41843","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2008","2.56945","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2009","2.59674","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2010","2.7261","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2011","2.66868","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2012","2.91472","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2013","2.95492","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2014","3.08429","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2011","0.75502","2011",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2012","0.74399","2012",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2013","0.70642","2013",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2014","0.70159","2014",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2015","0.6931","2015",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2016","0.66984","2016",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2017","0.66603","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2018","0.66001","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2019","0.65942","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","356","India","2020","0.64558","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2000","0.06769","2000",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2001","0.04756","2001",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2015","3.04969","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2016","3.11655","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2017","3.05656","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2018","3.09182","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2019","3.13265","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2020","3.20278","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2021","3.26361","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","40","Austria","2022","3.20048","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","48","Bahrain","2014","0.10116","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2000","0.19106","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2001","0.27987","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2002","0.25255","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2009","0.08332","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2013","0.0847","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2016","0.24535","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2017","0.23805","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2018","0.22632","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2019","0.27129","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","360","Indonesia","2020","0.28068","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2001","0.50218","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2002","0.49558","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2003","0.59484","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2004","0.50453","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2003","0.32109","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2004","0.25659","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2005","0.25761","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2006","0.24057","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2007","0.21107","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2008","0.22438","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2009","0.29093","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2010","0.24139","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2011","0.27014","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2012","0.23853","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2013","0.22216","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2014","0.24151","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2005","0.62284","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2006","0.55921","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2008","0.64647","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2009","0.27258","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Government;Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2010","0.26442","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Government;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2012","0.29435","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2013","0.23601","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2015","0.39383","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2017","0.75983","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2019","0.78829","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","364","Iran (Islamic Republic of)","2021","0.72665","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2015","0.25002","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2016","0.23305","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2017","0.22788","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2018","0.18876","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2019","0.17854","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2020","0.2092","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2021","0.20557","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2022","0.20955","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","51","Armenia","2023","0.18115","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2000","1.49582","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2001","1.5805","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2002","1.65956","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2003","1.70659","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2004","1.74856","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2005","1.89066","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2006","2.03299","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2007","2.13076","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2008","2.23489","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2009","2.236","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2010","2.21742","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2011","2.10168","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2012","2.07424","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2013","2.04237","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2007","0.04554","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2008","0.03435","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2009","0.04562","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2010","0.03684","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2011","0.03476","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2014","0.03835","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2015","0.04017","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2016","0.03737","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2017","0.04596","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2018","0.04279","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2019","0.03266","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2020","0.04053","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","368","Iraq","2021","0.0407","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2000","1.08383","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2001","1.05194","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2002","1.05575","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2003","1.12435","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2004","1.17778","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2005","1.19197","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2006","1.19887","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2007","1.23408","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2008","1.39126","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2009","1.61371","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2010","1.59477","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2011","1.55153","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2012","1.56028","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2013","1.56908","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2014","1.51798","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2015","1.17974","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2016","1.17716","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2017","1.24866","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2018","1.10698","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2014","1.93431","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2015","1.82537","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2016","1.8128","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2017","1.80192","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2018","1.78497","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2019","1.76554","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2020","1.78288","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2021","1.79935","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","53","Australia and New Zealand","2022","1.80211","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2000","1.9362","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2001","2.03279","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2002","1.90325","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2003","1.84119","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2004","1.8205","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2005","1.79061","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2006","1.82269","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2007","1.84999","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2008","1.93684","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2009","1.9986","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2010","2.06188","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2011","2.17332","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2012","2.28114","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2013","2.33073","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2014","2.37002","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2015","2.42817","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2016","2.52338","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2017","2.66666","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2018","2.86018","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2019","3.1566","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2020","3.39175","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2021","3.39239","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","56","Belgium","2022","3.40544","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2007","0.16026","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Excluding most or all capital expenditures;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2008","0.16848","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Excluding most or all capital expenditures","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2009","0.18235","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Excluding most or all capital expenditures","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2010","0.1805","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Excluding most or all capital expenditures","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2011","0.26195","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2012","0.23355","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2013","0.1963","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2014","0.19083","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2015","0.19507","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2018","0.22851","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2019","0.26451","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","60","Bermuda","2020","0.22546","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2000","0.56595","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2001","0.55792","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2019","1.16068","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2020","1.14551","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2021","1.11065","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","372","Ireland","2022","0.96264","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2000","3.82652","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2001","4.0644","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2002","4.00064","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2003","3.76454","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2004","3.74903","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2005","3.92282","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2006","4.01998","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2002","0.55504","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2003","0.57658","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2004","0.58976","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2005","0.65802","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2006","0.64552","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2007","0.66151","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2008","0.69347","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2009","0.67892","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2010","0.6467","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2011","0.62374","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2012","0.61611","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2013","0.58946","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2007","4.29998","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2008","4.25512","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2009","4.04516","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2010","3.86329","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2011","3.93521","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2012","4.08052","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2013","4.11678","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2014","4.20531","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2015","4.29841","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2016","4.58822","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2014","0.58536","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2015","0.58007","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2016","0.56501","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2017","0.56254","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2018","0.55793","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2019","0.55413","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2020","0.54049","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2021","0.54017","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","62","Central and Southern Asia","2022","0.54235","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","68","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","2000","0.28744","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","68","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","2001","0.29358","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2017","4.74306","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2018","4.91451","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2019","5.33099","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2020","5.79681","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2021","5.78276","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","376","Israel","2022","6.01924","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2000","1.00364","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2001","1.0407","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2002","1.08124","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2003","1.05894","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2004","1.05025","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","68","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","2002","0.27663","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","68","Bolivia (Plurinational State of)","2009","0.157","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2003","0.01826","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2004","0.0159","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2005","0.02697","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2006","0.01969","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2007","0.02521","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2008","0.01842","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2009","0.02106","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2012","0.26533","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2013","0.32132","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2005","1.04435","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2006","1.08401","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2007","1.12899","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2008","1.15972","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2009","1.21787","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2010","1.21797","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2011","1.20155","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2012","1.26219","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2013","1.30107","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2014","1.3384","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2015","1.3385","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2016","1.36642","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2017","1.37013","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2018","1.42443","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2019","1.46159","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2020","1.5066","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2021","1.42658","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","380","Italy","2022","1.39014","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","384","Côte d'Ivoire","2016","0.06975","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","388","Jamaica","2001","0.0491","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","388","Jamaica","2002","0.06096","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2000","2.85841","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2001","2.92348","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2002","2.96514","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2003","2.9932","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2004","2.98125","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2005","3.13092","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2006","3.22766","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2007","3.29257","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2008","3.29224","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2009","3.1959","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2010","3.10495","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2011","3.20537","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2012","3.17371","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2013","3.27896","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2014","3.36788","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2015","3.24071","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2016","3.10666","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2017","3.16636","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2018","3.2192","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2019","3.21824","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2020","3.26458","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2021","3.27677","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","392","Japan","2022","3.40537","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2000","0.18104","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2001","0.22009","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2002","0.25509","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2003","0.25246","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2014","0.25725","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2015","0.21603","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2016","0.21337","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2017","0.1978","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2018","0.19199","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2019","0.19001","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2020","0.20325","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2021","0.19035","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2022","0.18743","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","70","Bosnia and Herzegovina","2023","0.19228","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","72","Botswana","2005","0.53286","2005",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","72","Botswana","2012","0.26759","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2004","0.24837","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2005","0.28361","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2006","0.24281","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2007","0.20884","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2008","0.21654","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2009","0.22924","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2010","0.15341","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2011","0.15349","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2012","0.16525","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2013","0.17132","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2014","0.16722","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2015","0.16951","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","72","Botswana","2013","0.561","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2000","1.04751","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2001","1.06198","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2002","1.00968","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2003","0.99939","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2004","0.96343","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2005","1.00246","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2006","0.98807","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2007","1.08138","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2008","1.12904","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2009","1.11866","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2010","1.15992","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2016","0.14179","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2017","0.12667","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2018","0.11683","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2019","0.11841","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2020","0.12602","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2021","0.13023","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2022","0.11715","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","398","Kazakhstan","2023","0.14472","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","400","Jordan","2002","0.33689","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","400","Jordan","2008","0.42154","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","400","Jordan","2016","0.69547","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","404","Kenya","2007","0.35521","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2011","1.13966","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2012","1.12684","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2013","1.19567","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2014","1.26971","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2015","1.37093","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2016","1.28637","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2017","1.1175","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2018","1.16769","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2019","1.21096","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","76","Brazil","2020","1.14526","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","96","Brunei Darussalam","2002","0.01592","2002",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","96","Brunei Darussalam","2003","0.01842","2003",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","404","Kenya","2010","0.69222","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","404","Kenya","2022","0.41019","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","404","Kenya","2023","0.80874","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2000","2.12519","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2001","2.27865","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2002","2.20774","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2003","2.27722","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2004","2.44214","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2005","2.5229","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2006","2.71934","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","96","Brunei Darussalam","2004","0.03701","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","96","Brunei Darussalam","2018","0.27764","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2000","0.49517","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2001","0.44709","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2002","0.46473","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2003","0.47222","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2004","0.47086","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2005","0.44269","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2006","0.44216","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2007","0.43003","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2008","0.44731","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2009","0.49338","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2010","0.56299","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2011","0.5295","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2012","0.60039","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2013","0.63424","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2014","0.79007","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2015","0.94947","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2016","0.77009","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2017","0.74037","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2018","0.75413","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2019","0.83274","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2020","0.84967","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2021","0.77278","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","100","Bulgaria","2022","0.75421","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2000","0.11306","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2001","0.07144","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2002","0.16216","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2017","0.03218","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2018","0.05881","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2019","0.08341","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2020","0.15567","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2021","0.12402","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2022","0.03519","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2007","2.87258","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2008","2.98887","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2009","3.14669","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2010","3.31578","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2011","3.59199","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2012","3.8504","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2013","3.95124","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2014","4.07786","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2015","3.9782","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2016","3.98704","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2017","4.29206","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2018","4.51633","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","104","Myanmar","2023","0.02376","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","108","Burundi","2007","0.20068","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","108","Burundi","2008","0.15417","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","108","Burundi","2009","0.14096","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","108","Burundi","2010","0.13719","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","108","Burundi","2012","0.10702","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","108","Burundi","2018","0.21312","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2000","0.7221","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2001","0.70876","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2002","0.6209","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2003","0.61147","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2019","4.62703","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2020","4.79571","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2021","4.90988","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","410","Republic of Korea","2022","5.21081","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2000","0.12542","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2001","0.17884","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2002","0.18001","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2003","0.14347","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2004","0.1301","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2005","0.10083","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2006","0.08479","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2007","0.08585","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2008","0.08551","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2009","0.11213","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2010","0.1014","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2011","0.09898","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2012","0.09721","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2013","0.30153","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2014","0.42705","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2015","0.0966","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2016","0.07985","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2004","0.62759","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2005","0.67852","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2006","0.66065","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2007","0.96203","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2008","0.74147","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2009","0.62167","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2010","0.66913","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2011","0.6776","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2012","0.64603","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2013","0.65191","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2014","0.50548","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2015","0.49999","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2016","0.50063","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2017","0.58411","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2018","0.60443","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2019","0.57733","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2020","0.53901","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2021","0.45981","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2022","0.47477","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","112","Belarus","2023","0.57843","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","116","Cambodia","2002","0.0498","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","116","Cambodia","2015","0.11823","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2017","0.0804","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2018","0.06349","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2019","0.18801","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2020","0.1839","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2022","0.08041","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","414","Kuwait","2023","0.0976","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2000","0.15637","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2001","0.17189","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2002","0.1981","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2003","0.22272","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2004","0.19926","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2000","1.85848","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2001","2.02117","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2002","1.97171","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2003","1.96781","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2004","1.99734","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2005","1.97127","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2006","1.94304","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2007","1.90358","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2008","1.85578","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2009","1.91742","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2010","1.82504","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2011","1.78714","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2012","1.77304","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2013","1.70624","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2014","1.71483","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2015","1.69359","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2016","1.72903","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2017","1.68702","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2018","1.7372","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2019","1.75578","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2020","1.93414","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2021","1.86431","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2022","1.71166","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","124","Canada","2023","1.70133","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","132","Cabo Verde","2011","0.06622","2011",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2000","0.22726","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2001","0.24283","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2002","0.24787","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2003","0.23926","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2004","0.23563","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2005","0.24906","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2006","0.22275","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2007","0.19927","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2008","0.19565","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2009","0.20455","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2010","0.14778","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2005","0.19861","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2006","0.23014","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2007","0.23425","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2008","0.19017","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2009","0.15997","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2010","0.15547","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2011","0.15633","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2012","0.1661","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2013","0.14914","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2014","0.12536","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2015","0.11903","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2016","0.11121","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2011","0.14709","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2012","0.15543","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2013","0.15868","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2014","0.15461","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2015","0.15795","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2016","0.14995","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2017","0.12735","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2018","0.1134","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2019","0.1141","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2020","0.12688","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2021","0.12398","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","143","Central Asia","2022","0.12741","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2017","0.10707","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2018","0.10107","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2019","0.08535","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2020","0.08356","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2021","0.07102","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2022","0.06922","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","417","Kyrgyzstan","2023","0.05876","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","418","Lao People's Democratic Republic","2002","0.0371","2002",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2000","0.53303","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2001","0.54454","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2002","0.53814","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2000","0.14392","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2004","0.1821","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2006","0.1742","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2008","0.11444","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2010","0.13241","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2013","0.0973","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2014","0.09605","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2015","0.10291","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2016","0.12034","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2017","0.11818","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2018","0.11949","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2020","0.11616","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2003","0.5454","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2004","0.5325","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2005","0.54578","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2006","0.53511","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2007","0.56717","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2008","0.60407","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2009","0.62615","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2010","0.64104","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2011","0.61386","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2012","0.60678","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2013","0.63906","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","144","Sri Lanka","2022","0.10506","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2000","0.71055","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2001","0.73741","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2002","0.73383","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2003","0.71634","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2004","0.69981","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2005","0.70657","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2006","0.6927","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2007","0.73458","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2008","0.72049","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2009","0.74264","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2010","0.73063","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2014","0.66351","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2015","0.69065","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2016","0.63708","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2017","0.57053","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2018","0.58412","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2019","0.5931","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2020","0.5918","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2021","0.55152","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","419","Latin America and the Caribbean","2022","0.55163","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","426","Lesotho","2002","0.04185","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","426","Lesotho","2003","0.04295","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2011","0.74764","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2012","0.76216","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2013","0.75986","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2014","0.7881","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2015","0.88235","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2016","0.96455","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2017","0.98925","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2018","1.01602","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2019","1.06386","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2020","1.16626","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2021","1.15087","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","145","Western Asia","2022","1.14638","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","148","Chad","2016","0.3005","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2000","1.72696","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2001","1.74928","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2002","1.76525","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2003","1.7574","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2004","1.71463","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2005","1.70016","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2006","1.70691","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2007","1.7157","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2008","1.74244","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2009","1.84168","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2010","1.8199","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2011","1.82485","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2012","1.84761","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2013","1.86259","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2014","1.89217","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2015","1.91888","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2016","1.9212","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2017","1.9462","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2018","1.9516","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2019","1.97544","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2020","2.05251","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2021","1.98228","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","150","Europe","2022","1.97758","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2007","0.31143","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2008","0.37492","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2009","0.35403","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2010","0.33165","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2011","0.35288","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2012","0.36213","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2013","0.3903","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2014","0.37668","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2015","0.38296","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2016","0.37103","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2017","0.35679","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2018","0.36916","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","426","Lesotho","2004","0.05532","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","426","Lesotho","2009","0.0291","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","426","Lesotho","2011","0.01255","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","426","Lesotho","2015","0.05101","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2000","0.43483","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2001","0.40263","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2002","0.40843","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2003","0.3593","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2004","0.3984","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2005","0.52707","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2006","0.64691","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2007","0.55107","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2019","0.34243","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2020","0.33525","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","152","Chile","2021","0.36041","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2000","0.89316","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2001","0.94033","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2002","1.05786","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2003","1.12037","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2004","1.21498","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2005","1.30792","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2006","1.36854","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2007","1.37369","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2008","1.44592","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2009","1.6648","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2010","1.71372","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2011","1.78034","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2012","1.91214","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2013","1.99786","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2014","2.02243","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2015","2.05701","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2016","2.10033","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2017","2.11603","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2018","2.14058","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2019","2.24463","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2020","2.40666","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2021","2.4326","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","156","China","2022","2.55518","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2000","0.13106","2000",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2001","0.1329","2001",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2002","0.15559","2002",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2003","0.17398","2003",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2004","0.16964","2004",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2005","0.16557","2005",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2006","0.16427","2006",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2007","0.18307","2007",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2008","0.19541","2008",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2009","0.19351","2009",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2010","0.19358","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2011","0.19842","2011",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2012","0.22116","2012",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2013","0.25761","2013",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2014","0.30317","2014",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2015","0.36542","2015",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2016","0.27051","2016",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2017","0.26109","2017",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2018","0.31233","2018",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2019","0.32201","2019",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","170","Colombia","2020","0.2894","2020",null,null,null,null,"Source: OECD Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","178","Congo","2022","0.38339","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Higher Education only;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2008","0.5772","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2009","0.44858","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2010","0.60571","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2011","0.71562","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2012","0.66307","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2013","0.61321","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2014","0.68908","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2015","0.6194","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2016","0.43514","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2017","0.51104","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2018","0.63869","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2019","0.63847","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","180","Democratic Republic of the Congo","2004","0.26777","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Government only;S&amp;T budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","180","Democratic Republic of the Congo","2005","0.05799","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;S&amp;T budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","180","Democratic Republic of the Congo","2006","0.06044","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;S&amp;T budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","180","Democratic Republic of the Congo","2007","0.13609","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;S&amp;T budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","180","Democratic Republic of the Congo","2008","0.08253","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;S&amp;T budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","180","Democratic Republic of the Congo","2009","0.07822","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;S&amp;T budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","180","Democratic Republic of the Congo","2015","0.40638","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Excluding Business enterprise;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2000","0.41135","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2003","0.3619","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2004","0.37288","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2006","0.42693","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2007","0.35655","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2008","0.38593","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2009","0.51718","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2010","0.4799","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2011","0.46235","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2012","0.54713","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2013","0.54253","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2014","0.55627","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2015","0.43665","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2016","0.44335","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2017","0.42587","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2018","0.37144","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2020","0.33002","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2021","0.27385","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","188","Costa Rica","2022","0.33789","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2000","1.0425","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2001","0.91762","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2002","0.94087","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2003","0.94069","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2004","1.02002","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2005","0.84776","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2006","0.73211","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2007","0.78299","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2008","0.87568","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2009","0.83304","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2010","0.73055","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2011","0.73646","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2012","0.73725","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2013","0.79513","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2014","0.76902","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2015","0.82378","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2016","0.84433","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2017","0.8415","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2018","0.94312","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2019","1.07027","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2020","0.73439","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2021","0.74622","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","428","Latvia","2022","0.76382","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2000","0.23357","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2001","0.24302","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2002","0.24501","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2003","0.23752","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2004","0.23306","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2005","0.23092","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2006","0.21618","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2007","0.20755","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2020","1.22989","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2021","1.23124","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","191","Croatia","2022","1.40323","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2000","0.47865","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2001","0.5653","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2002","0.56445","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2003","0.58243","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2004","0.60231","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2005","0.5492","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2006","0.44139","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2007","0.43615","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2008","0.50061","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2009","0.61485","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2010","0.60767","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2011","0.27192","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2012","0.40716","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2013","0.47467","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2014","0.41596","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2015","0.42854","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2016","0.34223","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2017","0.43066","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2018","0.53691","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2019","0.55308","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2020","0.51838","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2021","0.32282","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","192","Cuba","2022","0.36012","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2000","0.2269","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2001","0.23694","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2002","0.27967","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2003","0.31834","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2004","0.33564","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2005","0.36727","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2006","0.38346","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2007","0.40007","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2008","0.38594","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2009","0.44437","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2010","0.44292","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2011","0.45263","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2012","0.43765","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2013","0.48485","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2014","0.51205","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2015","0.47529","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2016","0.5197","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2017","0.54259","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2018","0.61405","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2019","0.70945","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2020","0.83654","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2021","0.8003","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2008","0.20849","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2009","0.22556","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2010","0.20981","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2011","0.21519","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2012","0.22604","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2013","0.23865","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2014","0.23591","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2015","0.23745","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2016","0.23233","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2017","0.21665","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2018","0.20467","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2019","0.19859","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2020","0.20907","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2021","0.20627","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","432","Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs)","2022","0.20249","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","438","Liechtenstein","2019","5.86833","2019",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2000","0.58553","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2001","0.66762","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2002","0.65755","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2003","0.66413","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2004","0.7514","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2005","0.74821","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2006","0.79204","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2007","0.80174","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2008","0.78932","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2009","0.83084","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2010","0.7833","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2011","0.90269","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2012","0.89304","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2013","0.94872","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2014","1.03011","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2015","1.04341","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2016","0.84241","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2017","0.89626","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2018","0.93662","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2019","0.99266","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2020","1.13261","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2021","1.10436","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","440","Lithuania","2022","1.05319","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2000","1.58314","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2003","1.6235","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2004","1.58819","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2005","1.55873","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2006","1.64886","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2007","1.57165","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2008","1.54663","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2009","1.58839","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2010","1.42373","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2011","1.42453","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2012","1.20664","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2013","1.23381","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2014","1.217","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2015","1.25226","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2016","1.2669","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2017","1.23898","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2018","1.1718","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2019","1.18177","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2020","1.09584","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2021","1.0412","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","442","Luxembourg","2022","0.97653","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2001","0.06224","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2002","0.06957","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2003","0.06244","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2004","0.05344","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2005","0.0876","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2006","0.0829","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2007","0.05684","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2008","0.10106","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2009","0.05407","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2010","0.05012","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2011","0.04427","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2012","0.04789","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2013","0.05117","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2014","0.08776","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2015","0.13649","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2016","0.23492","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2017","0.1721","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2018","0.20113","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2019","0.24721","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2020","0.45327","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2021","0.37318","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2022","0.43688","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","446","China, Macao Special Administrative Region","2023","0.26378","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2000","0.10032","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2001","0.18175","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2002","0.20173","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2003","0.2907","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2004","0.1926","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Converted from the former national currency using the appropriate conversion rate","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2005","0.15096","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2006","0.14119","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2007","0.12091","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2008","0.11764","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2009","0.13054","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2010","0.09903","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2011","0.09067","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2014","0.01321","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2016","0.01264","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","450","Madagascar","2017","0.01275","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2000","0.46899","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2002","0.65254","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2004","0.5999","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2006","0.61106","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2008","0.78847","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2009","1.01001","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2010","1.03608","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2011","1.03342","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2012","1.09269","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2014","1.26275","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2015","1.27945","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2016","1.41517","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2018","1.04026","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","458","Malaysia","2020","0.95055","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","466","Mali","2007","0.21855","2007",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Government;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","466","Mali","2010","0.5836","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","466","Mali","2015","0.31462","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","466","Mali","2017","0.29198","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","466","Mali","2019","0.15768","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","466","Mali","2021","0.17385","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2002","0.2502","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2003","0.23743","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2004","0.48971","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2005","0.5282","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2006","0.57844","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2007","0.5454","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2008","0.52667","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2009","0.50739","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2010","0.58741","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2011","0.66506","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2012","0.80432","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2013","0.74336","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2014","0.69179","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2015","0.71515","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2016","0.55689","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2017","0.55232","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2018","0.57211","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2019","0.55993","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2020","0.64566","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2021","0.65205","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","470","Malta","2022","0.60433","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","478","Mauritania","2018","0.01019","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2000","0.28025","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2001","0.35775","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2002","0.36317","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2003","0.32171","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2004","0.36329","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2005","0.35574","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2012","0.17773","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2017","0.35423","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2018","0.33387","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2019","0.35699","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2020","0.40299","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2021","0.36784","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2022","0.3083","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","480","Mauritius","2023","0.23401","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2000","0.29205","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2001","0.30815","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2002","0.33745","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2003","0.37454","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2004","0.37053","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2005","0.38103","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2006","0.35298","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2007","0.38039","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2008","0.42416","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2009","0.45748","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2010","0.47353","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2011","0.45268","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2012","0.40284","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2013","0.40806","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2014","0.41962","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2015","0.41477","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2016","0.37601","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2017","0.31955","2017",null,null,null,null,"Source: RICYT Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2018","0.29816","2018",null,null,null,null,"Source: RICYT Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2019","0.27606","2019",null,null,null,null,"Source: RICYT Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2020","0.29191","2020",null,null,null,null,"Source: RICYT Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2021","0.27378","2021",null,null,null,null,"Source: RICYT Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2022","0.25782","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: RICYT Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","484","Mexico","2023","0.26819","2023",null,null,null,null,"Source: RICYT Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","492","Monaco","2004","0.03787","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","492","Monaco","2005","0.03821","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2000","0.18757","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2001","0.26749","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2002","0.25173","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2003","0.2518","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2004","0.26777","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2005","0.23776","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2006","0.19121","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2007","0.23827","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2008","0.33667","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2009","0.30478","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2010","0.24438","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2011","0.23054","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2012","0.23913","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2013","0.23246","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2014","0.2234","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2015","0.1564","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2016","0.18345","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2017","0.1342","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2018","0.10161","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2019","0.0927","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2020","0.13301","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2021","0.10008","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","496","Mongolia","2022","0.08365","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2003","0.32405","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2004","0.34903","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2005","0.39865","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2006","0.40622","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2007","0.54557","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2008","0.53463","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2009","0.52557","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2010","0.3665","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2011","0.33764","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2012","0.34907","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2013","0.29783","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2014","0.31463","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2015","0.30735","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2016","0.28004","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2017","0.25789","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2018","0.25626","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2019","0.24145","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2020","0.23511","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2021","0.23154","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2022","0.22983","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","498","Republic of Moldova","2023","0.22342","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2003","0.79772","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2004","1.01874","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2005","0.92443","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2006","1.22991","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2007","1.14521","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2011","0.31485","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2013","0.37431","2013",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2014","0.3632","2014",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2015","0.374","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2016","0.32454","2016",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2017","0.34898","2017",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2018","0.50374","2018",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","499","Montenegro","2019","0.36328","2019",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","504","Morocco","2001","0.5463","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","504","Morocco","2002","0.47179","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","504","Morocco","2003","0.56588","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","504","Morocco","2006","0.54987","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","504","Morocco","2010","0.66036","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","508","Mozambique","2002","0.35598","2002",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;S&amp;T budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","508","Mozambique","2006","0.3977","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","508","Mozambique","2008","0.13607","2008",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Higher Education;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","508","Mozambique","2010","0.37595","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","508","Mozambique","2015","0.30814","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2011","0.11962","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2012","0.18281","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2013","0.14854","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2014","0.18588","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2015","0.21866","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2016","0.22691","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2017","0.19925","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2018","0.19031","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2019","0.27255","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2020","0.31599","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2021","0.28978","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2022","0.27506","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","512","Oman","2023","0.36729","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2000","2.113","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2001","2.13404","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2002","2.09993","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2003","2.09824","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2004","2.05067","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2005","2.05095","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2006","2.06344","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2007","2.09095","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2008","2.14595","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2009","2.22456","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2010","2.17775","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2011","2.18455","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2012","2.1739","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2013","2.18781","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2014","2.2132","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2015","2.25872","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2016","2.28209","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2017","2.31065","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2018","2.35756","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2019","2.42548","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2020","2.58653","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2021","2.56037","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","513","Europe and Northern America","2022","2.5914","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","516","Namibia","2010","0.13963","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Government;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","516","Namibia","2014","0.34986","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","516","Namibia","2022","0.64647","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","524","Nepal","2008","0.05439","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","524","Nepal","2009","0.25924","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","524","Nepal","2010","0.3022","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2000","1.7898","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2001","1.79609","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2002","1.74543","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2003","1.7839","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2004","1.78901","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2005","1.77388","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2006","1.74067","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2007","1.6703","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2008","1.62269","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2009","1.6657","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2010","1.70404","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2011","1.88131","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2012","1.91627","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2013","2.15606","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2014","2.1733","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2015","2.14606","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2016","2.15081","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2017","2.17857","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2018","2.1388","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2019","2.18435","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2020","2.32182","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2021","2.26877","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","528","Netherlands (Kingdom of the)","2022","2.25533","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2001","1.10029","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2003","1.14891","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2005","1.12043","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2007","1.15764","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2009","1.25214","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2011","1.23222","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2013","1.15337","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2015","1.22789","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2017","1.34905","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2019","1.40803","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","554","New Zealand","2021","1.46569","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","558","Nicaragua","2002","0.03493","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","558","Nicaragua","2011","0.08344","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","558","Nicaragua","2012","0.10449","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","558","Nicaragua","2013","0.10284","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","558","Nicaragua","2014","0.08935","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","558","Nicaragua","2015","0.10742","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Higher Education only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","566","Nigeria","2007","0.13223","2007",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","566","Nigeria","2019","0.28444","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2001","1.5602","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2002","1.62645","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2003","1.67572","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2004","1.53975","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2005","1.47715","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2006","1.44972","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2007","1.55794","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2008","1.54556","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2009","1.71678","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2010","1.6412","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2011","1.61714","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2012","1.61053","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2013","1.64216","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2014","1.70369","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2015","1.9235","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2016","2.03287","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2017","2.08167","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2018","2.03482","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2019","2.136","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2020","2.24436","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2021","1.88764","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","578","Norway","2022","1.55752","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2000","0.09536","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2001","0.12408","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2002","0.16228","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2005","0.32946","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2007","0.52343","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2009","0.40218","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2011","0.30491","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2013","0.26179","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2015","0.22193","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2017","0.21214","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2019","0.17475","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2021","0.16431","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","586","Pakistan","2023","0.16375","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2000","0.36264","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2001","0.36074","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2002","0.3422","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2003","0.32109","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2004","0.22646","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2005","0.23183","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2006","0.23537","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2007","0.18172","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2008","0.19065","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2009","0.1321","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2010","0.14453","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2011","0.17304","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2012","0.07534","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2013","0.06206","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2014","0.12295","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2015","0.10745","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2016","0.1324","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2017","0.1353","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2018","0.13359","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2019","0.13624","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2020","0.23235","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2021","0.17688","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2022","0.18243","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","591","Panama","2023","0.15791","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","598","Papua New Guinea","2016","0.03158","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2001","0.06699","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2002","0.07493","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2003","0.06135","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2004","0.06066","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2005","0.06091","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2008","0.04113","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2011","0.04216","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2012","0.06517","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2013","0.07163","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2014","0.07901","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2015","0.09674","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2016","0.11676","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2017","0.14888","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2018","0.14684","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2019","0.13751","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2020","0.15697","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2021","0.14398","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","600","Paraguay","2022","0.11944","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2000","0.11266","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2001","0.11096","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2002","0.10614","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2003","0.10813","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2004","0.15578","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2011","0.08282","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2012","0.0553","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2013","0.08174","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2014","0.10805","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2015","0.11702","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2016","0.12008","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2017","0.12085","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2018","0.12683","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2019","0.15696","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2020","0.17229","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2021","0.13752","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","604","Peru","2022","0.16178","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2002","0.13263","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2003","0.12527","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2005","0.10692","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2007","0.10498","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2009","0.10901","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2011","0.11222","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2013","0.13207","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2015","0.15683","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","608","Philippines","2018","0.32222","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2000","0.64078","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2001","0.62159","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2002","0.55675","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2003","0.53806","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2004","0.5525","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2005","0.56278","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2006","0.55102","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2007","0.56193","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2008","0.59944","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2009","0.66106","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2010","0.72619","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2011","0.75221","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2012","0.88997","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2013","0.88483","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2014","0.95076","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2015","1.00423","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2016","0.96821","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2017","1.03785","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2018","1.2061","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2019","1.32335","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2020","1.38608","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2021","1.43183","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","616","Poland","2022","1.45383","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2000","0.72156","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2001","0.76482","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2002","0.72183","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2003","0.69802","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2004","0.7293","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2005","0.75755","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2006","0.95448","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2007","1.12417","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2008","1.44335","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2009","1.58001","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2010","1.53529","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2011","1.45741","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2012","1.37861","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2013","1.32468","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2014","1.28992","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2015","1.2433","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2016","1.28075","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2017","1.31928","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2018","1.34955","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2019","1.39562","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2020","1.61392","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2021","1.67051","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","620","Portugal","2022","1.70179","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","630","Puerto Rico","2009","0.45131","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","630","Puerto Rico","2013","0.43859","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","630","Puerto Rico","2015","0.42883","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","634","Qatar","2012","0.4786","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","634","Qatar","2015","0.51883","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","634","Qatar","2018","0.53129","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","634","Qatar","2021","0.68058","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2000","0.36626","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2001","0.39129","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2002","0.37721","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2003","0.39708","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2004","0.38942","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2005","0.41262","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2006","0.45682","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2007","0.51148","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2008","0.55215","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2009","0.44395","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2010","0.44666","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2011","0.47459","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2012","0.4624","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2013","0.39024","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2014","0.38208","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2015","0.48796","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2016","0.48864","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2017","0.50693","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2018","0.49729","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2019","0.47616","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2020","0.46538","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2021","0.47234","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","642","Romania","2022","0.45881","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2000","1.04983","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2001","1.17694","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2002","1.24652","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2003","1.28603","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2004","1.15133","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2005","1.06797","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2006","1.07294","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2007","1.11611","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2008","1.04435","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2009","1.25192","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2010","1.1302","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2011","1.01545","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2012","1.02766","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2013","1.02732","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2014","1.07241","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2015","1.10085","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2016","1.10238","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2017","1.10967","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2018","0.99002","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2019","1.03531","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2020","1.09099","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2021","0.95857","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","643","Russian Federation","2022","0.92527","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","646","Rwanda","2016","0.64945","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","646","Rwanda","2019","0.75853","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","646","Rwanda","2023","0.79445","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","670","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","2001","0.04008","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","670","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","2002","0.1139","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2003","0.06233","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2004","0.05315","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2005","0.0423","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2006","0.04245","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2007","0.04521","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2008","0.04902","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2009","0.07338","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2010","0.884","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2011","0.89068","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2012","0.8699","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2013","0.80736","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data;R&amp;D budget instead of R&amp;D expenditure or based on R&amp;D budget","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2020","0.49802","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2021","0.44266","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2022","0.46317","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","682","Saudi Arabia","2023","0.56486","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","686","Senegal","2008","0.29374","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","686","Senegal","2010","0.4343","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","686","Senegal","2015","0.5772","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2000","0.85424","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2001","0.30401","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2002","0.63968","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2003","0.49138","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2004","0.28953","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2005","0.3953","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2006","0.43985","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2007","0.57877","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2008","0.66966","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2009","0.8173","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2010","0.70228","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2011","0.68334","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2012","0.85316","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2013","0.68367","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2014","0.72309","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2015","0.8109","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2016","0.83822","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2017","0.87238","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2018","0.91891","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2019","0.88667","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2020","0.90558","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2021","0.99379","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2022","0.96616","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","688","Serbia","2023","0.95005","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","690","Seychelles","2001","0.39968","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","690","Seychelles","2002","0.3826","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","690","Seychelles","2003","0.38707","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","690","Seychelles","2004","0.32574","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","690","Seychelles","2005","0.28393","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","690","Seychelles","2016","0.2017","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2000","1.81699","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2001","2.0093","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2002","2.03282","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2003","1.99679","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2004","2.07859","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2005","2.14806","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2006","2.11656","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2007","2.31986","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2008","2.59674","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2009","2.1279","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2010","1.92918","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2011","2.06955","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2012","1.91833","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2013","1.92104","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2014","2.08228","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2015","2.17445","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2016","2.07276","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2017","1.89913","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2018","1.80947","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2019","1.88474","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","702","Singapore","2020","2.15626","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2000","0.63807","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2001","0.62465","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2002","0.56314","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2003","0.56145","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2004","0.50069","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2005","0.49332","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2006","0.47488","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2007","0.44746","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2008","0.46137","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2009","0.47272","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2010","0.6055","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2011","0.65255","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2012","0.79461","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2013","0.82005","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2014","0.877","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2015","1.15727","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2016","0.78857","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2017","0.88456","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2018","0.83555","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2019","0.8224","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2020","0.89773","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2021","0.91611","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","703","Slovakia","2022","0.97939","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","704","Viet Nam","2002","0.19273","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","704","Viet Nam","2011","0.14955","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","704","Viet Nam","2013","0.29932","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","704","Viet Nam","2015","0.35629","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","704","Viet Nam","2017","0.41895","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","704","Viet Nam","2019","0.41652","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","704","Viet Nam","2021","0.42494","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2000","1.35982","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2001","1.46767","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2002","1.44325","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2003","1.24792","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2004","1.37026","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2005","1.41778","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2006","1.53705","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2007","1.42703","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2008","1.62673","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2009","1.81184","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2010","2.05133","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2011","2.41297","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2012","2.56061","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2013","2.56487","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2014","2.36548","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2015","2.19565","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2016","2.00764","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2017","1.8653","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2018","1.94593","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2019","2.03922","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2020","2.14156","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2021","2.128","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","705","Slovenia","2022","2.09525","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: Eurostat Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2001","0.64224","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Underestimated or based on underestimated data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2003","0.6765","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2004","0.72681","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2005","0.77024","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2006","0.80291","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2007","0.79364","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2008","0.80567","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2009","0.74993","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2010","0.66284","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2011","0.66753","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2012","0.66934","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2013","0.6633","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2014","0.70987","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2015","0.73147","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2016","0.74992","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2017","0.76257","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2018","0.68586","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2019","0.61304","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2020","0.6024","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2021","0.61503","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","710","South Africa","2022","0.61729","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2000","0.80798","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2001","0.8771","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2002","0.89486","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2003","0.89167","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2004","0.94176","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2005","0.96328","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2006","0.92459","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2007","1.00825","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2008","1.11585","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2009","0.98264","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2010","0.9484","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2011","0.9375","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2012","0.91912","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2013","0.93278","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2014","0.97505","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2015","1.01058","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2016","0.94969","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2017","0.91406","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2018","0.92235","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2019","0.94448","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2020","1.03905","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2021","0.73408","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","722","Small island developing States (SIDS)","2022","0.74202","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2000","0.88276","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2001","0.88833","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2002","0.95971","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2003","1.02373","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2004","1.04089","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2005","1.09956","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2006","1.17702","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2007","1.24053","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2008","1.325","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2009","1.36364","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2010","1.35996","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2011","1.33341","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2012","1.29876","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2013","1.27482","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2014","1.24159","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2015","1.22179","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2016","1.18986","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2017","1.20977","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2018","1.24151","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2019","1.25025","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2020","1.4091","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2021","1.41122","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","724","Spain","2022","1.43532","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","729","Sudan","2000","0.47277","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","729","Sudan","2001","0.37483","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","729","Sudan","2002","0.32247","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","729","Sudan","2003","0.2808","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","729","Sudan","2004","0.23825","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","729","Sudan","2005","0.225","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Overestimated or based on overestimated data","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2000","0.59484","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2001","0.61168","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2002","0.61435","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2003","0.59316","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2004","0.58674","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2005","0.58975","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2006","0.58472","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2007","0.61704","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2008","0.61228","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2009","0.6493","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2010","0.64416","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2011","0.67579","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2012","0.68573","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2013","0.70302","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2014","0.72466","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2015","0.80122","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2016","0.86","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2017","0.87625","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2018","0.90228","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2019","0.95137","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2020","1.0378","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2021","1.02956","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","747","Northern Africa and Western Asia","2022","1.04891","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","748","Eswatini","2015","0.26754","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2001","3.8738","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2003","3.57948","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2004","3.36129","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2005","3.35958","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2006","3.475","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2007","3.23383","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2008","3.46999","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2009","3.39528","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2010","3.16789","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2011","3.18702","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2012","3.23025","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2013","3.26042","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2014","3.10184","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2015","3.21903","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"The sum of the breakdown does not add to the total","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2016","3.24736","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2017","3.36279","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"The sum of the breakdown does not add to the total","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2018","3.32106","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2019","3.38758","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;The sum of the breakdown does not add to the total","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2020","3.4896","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2021","3.40216","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;The sum of the breakdown does not add to the total","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","752","Sweden","2022","3.40822","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2000","1.50058","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2001","1.53566","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2002","1.56868","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2003","1.58261","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2004","1.60995","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2005","1.66951","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2006","1.71184","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2007","1.71733","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2008","1.74158","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2009","1.80735","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2010","1.80954","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2011","1.86781","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2012","1.93213","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2013","2.00154","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2014","2.03795","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2015","2.05202","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2016","2.06159","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2017","2.0923","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2018","2.11423","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2019","2.17421","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2020","2.31324","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2021","2.33788","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","753","Eastern and South-Eastern Asia","2022","2.4274","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2000","2.26386","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2004","2.60818","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2008","2.65296","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2012","2.87457","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2015","3.07832","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2017","3.07698","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2019","3.1968","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","756","Switzerland","2021","3.30645","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","760","Syrian Arab Republic","2015","0.01942","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","760","Syrian Arab Republic","2022","0.07306","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2001","0.08953","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2002","0.07068","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2003","0.06885","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2004","0.06697","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2005","0.0957","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2006","0.10732","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2007","0.06778","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2008","0.06983","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2009","0.08577","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2010","0.08914","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2011","0.12148","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2012","0.11432","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2013","0.11851","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2014","0.11624","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2015","0.1034","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2016","0.10622","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2017","0.10957","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2018","0.09401","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2019","0.09367","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","762","Tajikistan","2020","0.08969","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2000","0.24471","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2001","0.25231","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2002","0.23055","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2003","0.24534","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2004","0.23828","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2005","0.21889","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2006","0.23271","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2007","0.2008","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2008","0.20331","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2009","0.23455","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2011","0.36146","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2013","0.44164","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2014","0.47988","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2015","0.61609","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2016","0.77829","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2017","1.00166","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2018","1.11374","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2019","1.14317","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2020","1.32818","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2021","1.20807","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","764","Thailand","2022","1.15902","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","768","Togo","2010","0.16962","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","768","Togo","2012","0.15973","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","768","Togo","2014","0.19074","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2000","0.108","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2001","0.10417","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2002","0.13178","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2003","0.11501","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2004","0.11441","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2005","0.11431","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2006","0.07233","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2007","0.05922","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2008","0.03072","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2009","0.05665","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2010","0.04771","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2011","0.04024","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2012","0.04126","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2013","0.05382","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2014","0.07599","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2015","0.07996","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2016","0.08626","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2017","0.08519","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2018","0.08139","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2019","0.0596","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2020","0.06512","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2021","0.05374","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","780","Trinidad and Tobago","2022","0.0478","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2011","0.47252","2011",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2014","0.67523","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2015","0.8657","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2016","0.9318","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2018","1.26389","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2019","1.31065","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2020","1.48831","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","784","United Arab Emirates","2021","1.49469","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2002","0.54302","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2003","0.65044","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2004","0.73095","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2005","0.71195","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2006","0.67729","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2007","0.6654","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2008","0.63933","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2009","0.70644","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2010","0.65806","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2011","0.67458","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2012","0.64937","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2013","0.637","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2014","0.61988","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2015","0.59413","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2016","0.56539","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2017","0.69954","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2018","0.71645","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","788","Tunisia","2019","0.74658","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2000","0.46558","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2001","0.52247","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2002","0.50904","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2003","0.46532","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2004","0.49713","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2005","0.56381","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2006","0.55292","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2007","0.68616","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2008","0.68741","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2009","0.80362","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2010","0.79369","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2011","0.79393","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2012","0.82595","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2013","0.81206","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2014","0.8564","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2015","0.96732","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2016","1.11979","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2017","1.17632","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2018","1.27093","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2019","1.3196","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2020","1.36748","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2021","1.40209","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","792","Türkiye","2022","1.32343","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2015","0.11","2015",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2016","0.16","2016",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2017","0.09","2017",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2018","0.08","2018",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2019","0.11","2019",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2020","0.13","2020",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2021","0.1","2021",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","795","Turkmenistan","2022","0.14","2022",null,null,null,null,"Source: National Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","E","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2002","0.36756","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2003","0.25612","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2004","0.26056","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2005","0.21514","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2006","0.30033","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2007","0.38821","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2008","0.32632","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2009","0.25547","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2010","0.3599","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2014","0.14265","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","800","Uganda","2023","0.3109","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2000","0.92904","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Current costs only","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2001","0.98944","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2002","0.96269","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2003","1.07166","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2004","1.04392","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2005","0.99518","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2006","0.91403","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2007","0.81869","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2008","0.80991","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2009","0.82596","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2010","0.80279","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2011","0.7109","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2012","0.72363","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2013","0.733","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2014","0.65034","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2015","0.61477","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2016","0.48339","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2017","0.44879","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2018","0.47113","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2019","0.43384","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2020","0.40318","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2021","0.38478","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2022","0.32673","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","804","Ukraine","2023","0.32653","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding data from some regions/provinces/states;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2000","0.41888","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2001","0.2931","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2002","0.24461","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2003","0.21064","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2004","0.23237","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2005","0.22825","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2006","0.19373","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2007","0.17093","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2008","0.22358","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2009","0.19679","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2010","0.21634","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2011","0.22276","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2012","0.32676","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2013","0.43894","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2014","0.51646","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2015","0.44412","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2016","0.43585","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2017","0.35439","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2018","0.36367","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2019","0.36783","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2020","0.37264","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2021","0.37252","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2022","0.37975","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","807","North Macedonia","2023","0.39502","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2000","0.19247","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2004","0.26994","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2005","0.24141","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2006","0.25903","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2007","0.2551","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2008","0.27024","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Government only;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2009","0.43312","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2010","0.43345","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2011","0.53154","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2012","0.50899","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2013","0.63895","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2014","0.63649","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2015","0.71858","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2016","0.70848","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2017","0.64486","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2018","0.68839","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2019","0.79617","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2020","0.91564","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2021","0.91175","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2022","1.01968","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","818","Egypt","2023","1.03356","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2000","1.60963","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2001","1.59545","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2002","1.61383","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2003","1.58131","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2004","1.53089","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2005","1.55004","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2006","1.57626","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2007","1.6183","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2008","1.60901","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2009","1.66991","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2010","1.63886","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2011","1.64681","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2012","1.57587","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2013","1.62096","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2014","2.26488","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2015","2.27566","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2016","2.32052","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2017","2.32602","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2018","2.71124","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"National estimation or based on National estimation;Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2019","2.6708","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2020","2.93883","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","826","United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland","2021","2.89711","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","834","United Republic of Tanzania","2007","0.33462","2007",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","834","United Republic of Tanzania","2010","0.37307","2010",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","834","United Republic of Tanzania","2013","0.51456","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2000","2.61983","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2001","2.63715","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2002","2.54745","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2003","2.55015","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2004","2.48686","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2005","2.50193","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2006","2.54545","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2007","2.61516","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2008","2.74481","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2009","2.79181","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2010","2.71444","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2011","2.73803","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2012","2.67273","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2013","2.69592","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2014","2.70881","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2015","2.77328","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2016","2.83676","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2017","2.88357","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2018","2.99045","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2019","3.14704","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2020","3.42467","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2021","3.48313","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available;Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","840","United States of America","2022","3.58623","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Do not correspond exactly to Frascati Manual recommendation;Provisional data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","850","United States Virgin Islands","2002","0.06617","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","850","United States Virgin Islands","2003","0.03776","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","850","United States Virgin Islands","2004","0.03424","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","850","United States Virgin Islands","2005","0.02936","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","850","United States Virgin Islands","2006","0.03122","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","850","United States Virgin Islands","2007","0.02717","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2001","0.16816","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2002","0.30111","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2003","0.24112","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2004","0.21514","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2005","0.15166","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2007","0.09836","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2008","0.16568","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2009","0.17787","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2014","0.19719","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2017","0.61361","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2019","0.17435","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2020","0.25116","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","854","Burkina Faso","2021","0.25126","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Excluding Business enterprise;Excluding Private non-profit","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2000","0.20925","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2002","0.23818","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2005","0.46031","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2006","0.36385","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2007","0.42159","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2008","0.37441","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2009","0.40239","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2010","0.32882","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2011","0.32962","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2012","0.30808","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2013","0.29118","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2014","0.31707","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2015","0.35109","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2016","0.37391","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2017","0.44052","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2018","0.50484","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2019","0.56805","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2020","0.67468","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2021","0.61447","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","858","Uruguay","2022","0.62592","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2000","0.36063","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2001","0.34544","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2002","0.29356","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2003","0.26825","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2004","0.27041","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2005","0.23741","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2006","0.22395","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2007","0.21721","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2008","0.19354","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2009","0.20315","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2010","0.1543","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2011","0.14877","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2012","0.15512","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2013","0.155","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2014","0.15335","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2015","0.16497","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2016","0.17238","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2017","0.14834","2017",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2018","0.12394","2018",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2019","0.11306","2019",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2020","0.1385","2020",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2021","0.1316","2021",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2022","0.15874","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","860","Uzbekistan","2023","0.12527","2023",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2005","0.18907","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2006","0.31742","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2007","0.2011","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2008","0.23803","2008",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2009","0.24014","2009",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2010","0.18823","2010",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2011","0.15296","2011",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2012","0.2501","2012",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2013","0.31853","2013",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2014","0.33713","2014",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2015","0.44","2015",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","196","Cyprus","2022","0.74527","2022",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2000","0.21441","2000",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2001","0.2074","2001",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2002","0.21038","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2003","0.20762","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2004","0.20273","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2005","0.20009","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2006","0.20281","2006",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","199","Least Developed Countries (LDCs)","2007","0.20536","2007",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,null,"N","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","862","Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)","2016","0.69","2016",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","894","Zambia","2002","0.00544","2002",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data;Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","894","Zambia","2003","0.00847","2003",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","894","Zambia","2004","0.02223","2004",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","894","Zambia","2005","0.02493","2005",null,null,null,null,"UNESCO Institute for Statistics.  Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Partial data","C","G","PERCENT"]
["9","9.5","9.5.1","GB_XPD_RSDV","Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (%)","894","Zambia","2008","0.27819","2008",null,null,null,null,"Source: Regional Publication Data extracted on 25 February 2025.",null,"Break in series with previous year for which data are available","C","G","PERCENT"]